Context: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease, characterized by progressive muscle weakness. The diagnosis is not always easy, and may have atypical initial manifestations. Case report: O.S.M, female, 62 years old, started in 2016 with bradykinesia and left lower limb tremor, associated with frequent falls. Iniciated research for parkinsonism in 2017, SPECT demonstrated decreased dopamine transporter binding potential density in both striatum. Levodopa was started, with partial improvement of symptoms. In 2018, she developed dysphagia, associated with slight alterations in phonation. In 2019, in addition to the left lower limb tremor and bradykinesia, the patient developed limb paresis, also affecting the right upper limb, with proximal atrophy and fasciculations. Added to the therapeutic regimen pramipexole, without improvement in symptoms. Over the months the case progressed with axial weakness, the need for a wheelchair for walking. Patient hospitalized in April 2020, electroneuromyography performed which showed signs of active disinvervation in the bulbar, cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral segments and signs of chronic disinervation in the cervical and lumbosacral segments, with no signs of sensory or motor polyneuropathy. Such findings suggest impairment of the Lower motor neuron, and can be found in the Diseases of the Motor Neuron. With the diagnosis of ALS, Riluzole was started, with a reduction in the speed of disease progression. Conclusions: the reported case draws attention to the importance of always thinking about differential diagnoses in neurological diseases. We should always look for new symptoms, so that more rare diseases do not go unnoticed.
O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. 2018 Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais. www.atenaeditora.com.br APRESENTAÇÃO O e-book "Políticas Públicas no Brasil: Exploração e Diagnóstico" apresenta 131 artigos organizados em sete volumes com temáticas relacionadas às políticas de saúde, educação, assistência social, trabalho, democracia e políticas sociais, planejamento e gestão pública, bem como, contribuições do serviço social para a formação profissional e atuação nas referidas políticas. A seleção dos artigos apresentados possibilitam aos leitores o acesso à pesquisas realizadas nas diversas regiões do país, apontando para os avanços e desafios postos no atual contexto social brasileiro, e permitindo ainda a identificação das relações e complementariedades existentes entre a atuação nos diferentes campos das políticas públicas.Destaca-se a relevância da realização de pesquisas, que tenham como objeto de estudo as políticas públicas, bem como, a disseminação e leitura destas, visando um registro científico do que vem sendo construído coletivamente na sociedade brasileira e que deve ser preservado e fortalecido considerando-se as demandas de proteção social e de qualificação da atuação estatal em conjunto com a sociedade civil em prol da justiça social.Boa leitura a todos e todas!
Introduction: Neurotuberculosis is the most serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The main clinical presentation is meningoencephalitis, which may be associated with tuberculomas. The detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF is still a diagnostic challenge. Objectives: To report a clinical case of neurotuberculosis associated with intracranial tuberculoma with detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF. Methods: Neurotuberculosis is the most serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The main clinical presentation is meningoencephalitis, which may be associated with tuberculomas. The detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF is still a diagnostic challenge. Results: C. A. G., 45 years old, female, admitted to the hospital in January 2020, presenting holocranial, pulsatile headache, which had worsened for 5 days, with little response to analgesics, associated with an episode of tonic-clonic seizure crisis, without other clinical signs. Previous diagnosis of asthma, using continuously salbutamol and beclomethasone. Examinations were requested - BAAR search for positive sputum, rapid molecular sputum test revealing Mycobacterium tuberculosis, clear-looking CSF, detectable CRP for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, glucose 63, protein 56.3, total cytology 74 (35% neutrophils, 19% lymphocytes , 46% macrophages). The cranial tomography showed a nodular lesion in the corticosubcortical region of the left frontal lobe, with annular enhancement by means of contrast, measuring 3.9 x 3.9 cm, in addition to accentuated meningeal enhancement. Chest tomography showed hollowed-out lesions with thickened walls, with the appearance of a sprouting tree, predominating in the lower lobe of the right lung. The diagnoses of neurotuberculosis (cerebral tuberculoma and meningitis) and pulmonary tuberculosis were then established. Referred to the infectious disease referral hospital using RHZE associated with dexamethasone and phenytoin. After 48 hours of hospitalization, the patient evolved with confusion and mental disorientation, suspecting complex subentrant partial seizures with a confused post-ictal state. A new skull tomography was requested, which showed an expansive lesion with an ovoid aspect 4.5 x 3.3 cm with liquefied content and ring impregnation by means of contrast in the upper left frontal region with mass effect and significant perilesional edema. Electroencephalogram showed disorganized base activity, periodically, sometimes with three-phase morphology, sometimes acute, in both hemispheres, with greater projection to the left and epileptiform activity also in the frontal- temporal region, bilaterally and independently. After therapeutic adjustment, the patient remained clinically stable and was discharged from the hospital with outpatient followup due to infectious diseases and neurology. Conclusion: The case addressed draws attention to the different neurological manifestations observed in neurotuberculosis, such as headache, seizures, confusion and disorientation. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to achieve a favorable outcome.
A pandemia de ‘Coronavirus disease’ 2019 (COVID-19) vem impondo mudanças radicais nos diversos sistemas de saúde, na estrutura médico-hospitalar, até no relacionamento médico-paciente. Medidas extremas visando a contenção da COVID-19 incluem o isolamento de populações (medidas de ‘lockdown’), a suspensão do atendimento ambulatorial de rotina e cirurgias eletivas, a conversão de andares inteiros em enfermarias dedicadas à quarentena de casos COVID-19, com importante impacto no manejo de diversas doenças agudas e crônicas. Independentemente das medidas acima, a doença encefalovascular continua afetando a vida de milhares de brasileiros, constituindo um dos principais motivos de atendimento emergencial em hospital-geral, exigindo assistência médica continuada e tempo-sensível. Com os atuais indícios de que esta pandemia continuará se prolongando globalmente, médicos-neurologistas e de outras especialidades responsáveis pelo atendimento emergencial do acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) estão sob constante risco de exposição ao COVID-19. Visando minimizar esses riscos, mas mantendo a eficiência e acurácia diagnóstica do exame, inovações no exame neurológico emergencial para o paciente com suspeita de AVE foram implementadas em diversos centros de referência para o atendimento de AVE. É objetivo deste projeto, portanto, apresentar um vídeo (https://youtu.be/5Sh1PnpeKmk), demonstrando o exame neurológico observacional na era da COVID-19, visando extrair o máximo de informações de forma eficiente, rápida, e minimizando os riscos de contaminação para o médico-assistente.
Considerando que a Medicina do Trabalho é uma especialidade médica caracterizada por as suas atividades se desenvolverem, na sua maioria, em ambientes não hospitalares, dispersos por todo o país, maioritariamente em Serviços de Saúde e Segurança no Trabalho (SSST) suportados em Serviços externos da responsabilidade de empresas prestadoras, que não estão em permanência presentes nas empresas (havendo contudo um menor número de Serviços
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