The spraying of herbicides in crops has become the main form of weed control. Although it means unexpected effects on non-target plants resulted by spraying drift. Thus, improvements in application techniques, as the best selection of spray nozzles and adjuvant, are essential to avoid environmental contamination and economic losses. On this work, we evaluate how much adjuvant associated with nozzles can reduce the spray drift. The nozzles used at experiment were air induction flat tip, hollow cone and twinjet and the spray liquids, which were composed of herbicide glyphosate and phosphatidylcholine + propionic acid adjuvant. Measurements were made at wind tunnel and droplet sizer, at laser diffraction method. The models of nozzles influence in droplet size characteristics and in occurrence of spray drift. The use of adjuvants reduces the spray drift only combined with the twinjet nozzle, while for the other models the adjuvant did not reduce the global spray drift at significant levels. The adjuvant reduced the spray drift until 39%, while the nozzles model reduced until 74%. Both techniques when combined were able to reduce until 80%. The model of nozzle has the biggest result on drift mitigation and the use of adjuvants can increase the drift mitigation specially with nozzles that produces smallest droplets.

Abstract. This paper presents the researches for better integration between services and networks by simplifying the network layers structure and extending the ontology use. Through an ontological viewpoint, FINLAN (Fast Integration of Network Layers) was modeled to be able to deal with semantics in the network communication, cross-layers, as alternative to the TCP/IP protocol architecture. In this research area, this work shows how to integrate and collaborate with Future Internet researches, like the Autonomic Internet.

There are several studies on the TCP/IP architecture evolution since the 80's, however, due to the great installed and used base there are difficulties in implementing improvements in large scale. In the last years, the number of researches that discuss the next generation Internet has grown, and this paper is a study collaboration in this area. This paper proposes the adding of a mechanism to guarantee the packet delivery in FINLAN, which is a protocol that enables the communication in networks with connectivity in layer 2 without the use of IP, TCP, and UDP protocols.

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