Background The use of medical technology may result in damage to patients. The aim was to determine which adverse events and adverse incidents related to medical–surgical devices were most frequently observed in patients seen at 65 health service providers, clinics and hospitals in Colombia. Methods Retrospective study describing reports of adverse events or incidents related to medical devices between 2014 and 2017. From the database of reports, all cases were identified and classified by the type of device, causes and time of identification of the event. Results The devices that were most frequently reported as having events or adverse incidents were those belonging to the vascular access category, with 45.2% of cases, followed by surgical equipment, with 20.2%. The causes of the events or adverse incidents were most often failures of the mechanical components, at 50.6%, followed by manufacturing defects, at 28.7%. The professionals who reported these issues most frequently were nurses, who did so in 33.1% of the cases. A total of 86.8% of the reports were non-serious adverse events, and the failure was identified at the time of device use in 72.8% of the cases. Conclusions Preventive approaches to events and adverse events related to medical devices can mostly be resolved through stricter quality control measures.
Introducción: la dipirona es un antipirético, analgésico y antiespasmódico, posicionado como una de las primeras opciones en el manejo del dolor. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la incidencia de efectos adversos relacionados al uso de dipirona en pacientes internados en un hospital de tercer nivel en la ciudad de Pereira -Risaralda durante 2016. Métodos: estudio descriptivo que incluyó pacientes con cualquier efecto adverso relacionado con el uso de dipirona. Se utilizó la clasificación de reacciones adversas de Rawlins y Thompson. La relación de causalidad se calculó con la escala de Naranjo. Resultados: se evaluaron 59 pacientes con reacciones adversas por el uso de dipirona, con una edad media de 44,4 ± 21,6 años y el 52,5 % eran mujeres. La mayoría de las reacciones se presentaron en el servicio de cirugía (52,5 %). La indicación más frecuente para su uso fue traumatismo (39 %), seguida de algún procedimiento quirúrgico (25,4 %). La reacción reapareció en 28,8 % de los casos tras una nueva administración de dipirona en la misma hospitalización. Se presentó un caso de granulocitopenia. La incidencia de reacciones adversas fue 1,4 por cada 1 000 pacientes. Conclusión: las reacciones adversas relacionadas con el uso de dipirona son un hallazgo poco frecuente a pesar del amplio uso del medicamento. La toxicidad hematológica se debe tener en cuenta a la hora de prescribir dipirona. Se deben mejorar los protocolos de seguridad del paciente con el fin de disminuir las posibles reacciones adversas relacionados con la administración de medicamentos.
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