El transporte de azúcares de tejidos de asimilación a tejidos de reserva determina el crecimiento o el almacenamiento reproductivo vegetal. El objetivo fue determinar las concentraciones de azúcares solubles en nogal pecanero crecidos en una huerta ubicada en Torreón, Coahuila, durante las etapas de producción y letargo. Se tomaron muestras de raíz, tallo, rama y brote emitido del año (crecimiento anual) en cuatro árboles adultos. Durante el letargo se observaron mayores concentraciones de azúcares solubles que durante la etapa de producción. La raíz y los brotes anuales tuvieron concentraciones similares, más altas que los otros dos órganos. La menor concentración se encontró siempre en las ramas. El tallo presentó una concentración similar a las ramas durante la etapa de producción, mientras que, en la etapa de letargo, el tallo tuvo mayor concentración de azúcares que las ramas. A pesar de que la raíz presenta las mayores concentraciones de azúcares solubles, el tallo, por su tamaño, acumula la mayor cantidad de azúcares totales a nivel de todo el árbol. Se estimó que el porcentaje de los azúcares solubles del total del carbono contenido en la biomasa representa un valor porcentual de 66%.
totales solubles se realizó por el método de Bradford, por medio de electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida al 15% para detectar las PRV presentes en los tejidos vegetales. Los resultados indican que las ramas y los brotes de crecimiento anual fueron los órganos con mayor concentración de proteínas totales solubles en letargo, mientras que en producción no se presentó diferencia signicativa de concentración entre los diferentes tejidos estudiados. Se detectó un polipéptido de 20 kDa con características de una PRV en la raíz en la etapa de letargo.Palabras clave: Órganos perennes, frutales, fenología, proteínas, PRVABSTRACT. An analysis of total soluble proteins and vegetative storage proteins (VSPs) in the tissues of pecan (Carya illinonensis Koch var. Western) trees in dormancy and production was carried out. Total soluble proteins were determined using the Bradford method, by means of electrophoresis in 15% polyacrylamide gel, to detect the VSPs present in the plant tissues. The results indicate that the branches and shoots of annual growth were the organs with the highest concentration of total soluble proteins in dormancy, while in production there was no signicant dierence in concentration between the dierent tissues studied. A 20-kDa polypeptide with characteristics of a VSP was detected in the root in the dormancy stage.
One of the conifers that survived after the last glaciation is the Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. Due to the gradual increase in temperature, this species was forced to move from the south to the north and to higher elevation, causing a fragmented and intermittent distribution in Mexico. The main objective of this study was to model and identify suitable areas for the future conservation of the P. menziesii in Mexico. The specific objectives of this research were: (i) to model the habitat suitability of P. menziesii in Mexico, (ii) to identify the most relevant environmental variables based on its current and future habitat suitability (2030, 2050, 2070 and 2090) and (iii) to suggest areas for the conservation of the species in Mexico. Records were compiled from different national and international sources. Climate and topographic variables were used. With MaxEnt software version 3.4.3 (Phillips, New York, NY, USA) 100 distribution models were obtained, where the model showed an area under the curve of 0.905 for training and 0.906 for validation and partial ROC of 1.95 and Z reliable (p < 0.01), with TSS values > 0.80. The current area of the P. menziesii was 31,580.65 km2. The most important variables in the current and future distribution were maximum temperature of the hottest month, precipitation of the coldest trimester and average temperature of the coldest trimester. The percentage of permanence (resilience) for the 2030, 2050, 2070 and 2090 climate horizons was 49.79%, 25.14%, 17.45% and 16.46%, respectively, for the SSP 245 scenario. On the other hand, for the SSP 585 scenario and the analyzed horizons, the percentage resilience in areas of suitable habitat zones was 41.45%, 27.42%, 9.82% and 2.89%.
The aim of the current study was to determine the monthly total soluble sugar concentration in the stem and root of the Wichita and Western walnut (Carya illinoinensis) varieties during a productive cycle in northern Mexico. Vegetable samples were obtained using a systematic sampling method, and processed by means of a spectrophotometric assay to determine the total soluble sugars (TSS) concentration in productive walnut trees. Data analysis was performed by means of a 2-way ANOVA. The results of the TSS concentration had differences throughout the months of an annual productive cycle, and were also different between the evaluated walnut varieties. The highest total soluble sugar concentration in stem and root were in the lowest temperature months, and it decreases in both tissues when the environmental temperature rises. The Wichita variety had a higher total soluble sugar concentration than the Western in every month during the productive cycle. Further research is required to assess the effect of other type of factors including environmental or agronomic over the dynamics of the total soluble sugars in productive walnut trees.
Introducción: El nogal pecanero (Carya illinoinensis K. Koch) es una especie nativa del norte de México y del sureste de Estados Unidos; ambos países dominan la producción de nuez a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de la temperatura e irradiación sobre la concentración de almidón en la raíz y tronco de C. illinoinensis variedades Wichita y Western. Materiales y métodos: El almidón se cuantificó mensualmente durante el ciclo productivo julio 2016 – junio 2017. Los datos mensuales promedio de temperatura e irradiación se obtuvieron de la estación meteorológica del INIFAP, Campo Experimental La Laguna. Se hicieron análisis de regresión utilizando SPSS 18.0. Resultados y discusión: Las variedades Wichita y Western mostraron relación significativa (P ≤ 0.05) entre las concentraciones de almidón en la raíz y los factores ambientales; en el tronco, la relación no fue significativa. En ambas variedades, la concentración máxima de almidón en la raíz se registra cuando la temperatura varía de 15 a 20 °C y la tasa de irradiación oscila entre 10 y 15 MJ·m-2. Conclusión: La variedad Wichita es la mejor adaptada a las temperaturas y tasas altas de irradiación en la región de la Comarca Lagunera.
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