Vehicles will be wirelessly connected in the future and they will be able to exchange information with other vehicles and their surroundings for safer and more efficient driving. 5G communication systems have introduced advanced functionalities and radio solutions to support connected, cooperative, and automated mobility (CCAM) services with demanding Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. However, interoperability among involved stakeholders, seamless connectivity and the uninterrupted delivery of real-time services across borders are issues that should be carefully analyzed for the realization of crossborder CCAM services. This paper provides an overview of key standardization bodies by analyzing recent work on key technologies to provide cross-border connectivity services for CCAM. Standardization gaps and regulatory barriers that may affect fast and efficient adoption of 5G-enabled CCAM services, are also discussed. Index Terms-5G, vehicle-to-everything, V2X, connected and automated driving, QoS, MEC, cross-border. I. INTRODUCTIONehicles of the future will be more automated and wirelessly connected to cooperate with each other and with their surroundings, e.g., road infrastructure, pedestrians, etc. Wireless communication among vehicles can complement the on-board sensors by extending detection ranges even when visual line-of-sight is not available. Wireless communication is important also for cooperative manoeuvres among vehicles. Both features can contribute to safe and efficient driving, especially for higher levels of driving automation, where no or limited human interaction is needed.Cellular V2X (C-V2X) communication enables the provision

The 5GCroCo project conducted large-scale trials of 5G technologies for Connected and Automated Mobility (CAM) in two road corridors along the border areas in France-Germany and Luxembourg-Germany. In this context, this paper provides a succinct description of a subset of the key 5G technologies that have been trialed and highlights representative experimental results that have been obtained for three CAM use cases with a clear focus of achieving seamless service continuity along cross-border and showing the benefits of 5G in comparison to 4G. The trial results provide an experimental validation of the technical feasibility of the technical solutions used in the project.

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