Traditional and Indigenous knowledge has successfully preserved and restored biodiversity across the globe. However, its recognition as being as equally valid as Western science as a way of knowing remains lacking. If we are to preserve global biodiversity and rewild key habitats, science and Indigenous knowledge must work in partnership while also being restitutive and rights based.

Actual local engagement with neoliberal conservation is remarkably complex and dynamic. This article advances a poststructural geographical understanding of this complexity by focusing on the spatiotemporally articulated rationalities and strategies of local communities in their encounter with Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation 'Plus' (REDD+), a form of neoliberal conservation. We integrate literature on 'technologies of resistance' and 'multiple environmentalities', retracing the progressive