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This paper examines the processes of settlement and abandonment of the medieval countryside as revealed by archaeological surveys undertaken in southern Greece. The Nemea region, the focus of an intensive archaeological survey, serves as a case study. Early archaeological surveys approached this time period primarily from a historical point of view. Political history provided the textual frame while the archaeological data were expected to "fill in" the gaps of the historical record. In contrast, in the last twenty-five years the second generation of surveys has taken an active interest in the archaeological documentation of the medieval countryside. The settlement trends observed in Nemea are viewed as manifestations of a variety of political, social, and economic processes.

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This volume brings together papers from the colloquium ‘The Medieval Countryside: An Archaeological Perspective,’ which was originally scheduled to take place in the Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) Annual Meetings, in 2018, in Boston, MA. That year, a blizzard caused massive travel disruptions and led to the cancellation of the colloquium, since most of the participants could not make it to the meetings. Fortunately, it was included in next year’s program, in 2019, when the AIA Meetings were held in San Diego, CA. The Medieval and Post-Medieval Archaeology AIA Interest Group sponsored the colloquium. Five of the papers in this special section were presented at the colloquium. Three additional contributions have been included in order to broaden the geographical coverage and scope of this effort.

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