The main environmental problem of sewage sludge treatment and storing processes is unpleasant smell caused by emitted gases, such as NH3, H2S etc.; which are released during organic matter decomposition process. The second environmental problem is that during sewage sludge composting process global warming gases, such as CO2, CH4, and N2O are emitted, the emissions of these gases can be reduced by creating optimal composting conditions (C:N, aeration, pH and humidity) and by adding some additives (wood cuttings, shavings, zeolites, peat etc.) into sewage sludge. In our study we analyse the experimental results on CH4, NH3, H2S and VOC emissions during sewage sludge composting process. For this experiment, centrifuge‐dried sewage sludge from Vilnius City Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant were used. Used Ashen bark, oaken cuttings, aspen shavings, shredded deciduous tree branches. The composting process was performed in a compost site‐simulating facilities. Santrauka Nuoteku valymas, nuoteku dumblo apdorojimas ir saugojimas neišvengiamai kelia išsiskiriančiu duju, nemaloniu kvapu problema. Yrant organinems medžiagoms išsiskiria nemalonaus kvapo dujos (NH3, H2S ir kt.) ir šiltnamio efekta sukeliančios dujos (CO2, CH4, N2O). Biodegradacijos procesai vyksta gamtoje ir natūraliai, ir dirbtinai ‐ kompostuojant. Sudarant optimalias kompostavimo salygas (C:N, aeravimas, pH ir dregnis) bei naudojant priedus (medžio pjuvenas, drožles, ceolita, durpes ir kt.) galima mažinti dujiniu teršalu emisijas i aplinka. Nagrinejami nuoteku dumblo kompostavimo eksperimentu rezultatai tiriant CH4, NH3, H2S ir LOJ emisijas. Eksperimentui naudotas perteklinis Vilniaus komunaliniu nuoteku valymo irenginiu nuoteku dumblas, nusausintas centrifugomis. Kaip papildomos medžiagos ‐ uosio žieve, ažuolo pjuvenos, drebules drožles, smulkios lapuočiu medžiu šakos. Kompostuota kompostavimo aikštele imituojančiuose “irenginiuose”. Резюме Oчисткa сточных вод, а также дальнейшая обработка накапливаемого осадка связаны с выбросами газов с неприятным запахом. Газы, образующиеся в процессе деградации органических веществ, не только обладают специфическим запахом (NH3, H2S и др.), но и вызывают парниковый эффект (CO2, CH4, NOx). Известно, что процесс биодеградации может происходить как в естественных, так и в искусственных условиях, например, при компостировании. Используя примеси (опилки, щепки, цеолит, торф и др.), а также подбирая оптимальные условия для компостирования – C:N, аэрация, рН, влага, можно снизить выбросы газов в окружающую среду. В статье проанализированы результаты газовых выбросов – CH4, NH3, H2S, ЛОС – при компостировании осадков сточных вод. В эксперименте был использован избыточный осадок из очистных сооружений города Вильнюса после обработки на центрифугах. В качестве дополнительного материала (примесей) в процессе компостирования были использованы кора, опилки дуба, стружка осины, небольшие измельченные веточки. Процесс компостирования был имитирован в лабораторных условиях.

The composition of the ambient air is constantly changing; therefore, the monitoring of ambient air quality to detect the changes caused by aerogenic pollutants makes the essential part of general environmental monitoring. To achieve more effective improvement of the ambient air quality, the Directive 2008/50/EC on 'Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe' was adopted by the European Parliament and the European Council. It informed the public and enterprises about a negative effect of pollution on humans, animals and plants, as well as about the need for monitoring aerogenic pollutants not only at the continuous monitoring stations but also by using indicator methods, i.e. by analysing natural deposit media. The problem of determining the relationship between the accumulation level of pollutants by a deposit medium and the level of air pollution and its risks is constantly growing in importance. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the response of the main four deposit media, i.e. snow cover, soil, pine bark and epigeic mosses, to the long-term pollution by aerogenic pollutants which can be observed in the area of oil refinery influence. Based on the quantitative expressions of the amounts of the accumulated pollutants in the deposit media, the territory of the oil refinery investigated in this paper has been referred to the areas of mild or moderate pollution.

Nuotekų dumblas, jo apdorojimas ir saugojimas yra susijęs su klimato kaita. Yrant organinėms medžiagoms išsiskiria ne tik nemalonaus kvapo dujų, bet ir šiltnamio efektą sukeliančių dujų (CO2, CH4, NOx). Biodegradacijos procesai vyksta ir natūraliai gamtoje ir dirbtinai – kompostuojant. Sudarant optimalias kompostavimo sąlygas (C:N, aeravimas, pH ir drėgmė) bei naudojant priedus (ceolitas, durpės ir kt.) galima mažinti dujinių teršalų emisijas į aplinką. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami kompostuojant nuotekų dumblą gautų eksperimentų rezultatai, tiriant CH4 ir NH3. Eksperimentui naudotas Vilniaus miesto komunalinių nuotekų valymo įrenginių perteklinis nuotekų dumblas, nusausintas centrifugomis. Kaip papildomos medžiagos naudotos ceolitas ir durpės. Kompostuota kompostavimo aikštelę imituojančiuose „įrenginiuose“.

Organic biodegradable waste composes a fair part of farm and vital activity waste. The disposal of this waste in municipal waste landfills pollutes the environment and soil. Therefore, the European Union and other countries look for alternatives to manage biodegraded waste. This paper seeks to analyse the properties of sludge that forms in the sewage treatment plants of the acid casein production, examines experience in managing and applying sludge. The results of an experiment show that sewage sludge from the acid casein production is suitable as a soil fertilizer for growing lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.). After soil was fertilized with this sludge, the germination of lettuce and garden cress as well as the biomass of experimental alimentary plants increased. A suitable ratio of soil and sludge mixture was determined (for lettuce ‐ 1:1, for garden cress ‐ 3:1). Potassium sulphate which was added to a soil‐sludge mixture improved the values of fertility parameters of alimentary plants.

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