Background Since hypertension (HTN) is responsible for more than half of all deaths from cardiovascular disease, it is vital to understand the nutritional factors that reduce its risk. Little information, however, is known about it in the Kurdish population. This study was aimed to evaluate the healthy eating index (HEI) 2015 and major dietary patterns concerning incident HTN. Methods This case-cohort study was designed using Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study data (294 participants with incident HTN and 1295 participants as representative random sub-cohort). HEI 2015 and major dietary patterns were extracted using data from their dietary intake, and three major dietary patterns were identified, including plant-based, high protein, and unhealthy dietary patterns. To analyses the association between HEI 2015 and major dietary patterns with incident HTN Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied. Results There was a significant positive correlation between HEI 2015 and plant-based diet (r = 0.492). The participants in the highest quartile of HEI-2015 had a 39% and 30% lower risk of incident HTN, compared to participants in the first quartile in both crude and adjusted model (HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.46–0.82) and (HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.51–0.97), respectively. Furthermore, participants with the highest tertile of the plant-based dietary pattern were at lower risk of incident HTN in both crude and adjusted models (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54–0.9) and (HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.53–0.94), respectively. However, the other two identified dietary patterns showed no significant association with incident HTN. Conclusions We found evidence indicating higher adherence to HEI 2015 and plant- based diet had protective effects on incident HTN. The HEI 2015 emphasizes limited sodium intake and adequate intake of vegetables and fruits.

Background: Time management is of particular importance in nursing. One of the most effective variables associated with time management is emotional intelligence (EI). This study assessed the relationship between time management and EI and the level of EI and time management skills in head nurses in emergency and intensive care units. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all head nurses in the emergency and intensive care units of nine educational hospitals at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in Iran in 2015 using Bradberry-Greaves’ EI and Macan’s Time Management Questionnaires. Results: Participants’ total time management score was (104.15 ± 6.98); total EI score was (128 ± 15.80). There was no significant relationship between overall EI and time management skills. There was a significant relationship between age and the emotional self-awareness dimension of EI (p = .027) and the mechanics dimension of time management (p = .037), and between work experience and overall time management skills (p = .049) and the mechanics dimension of time management (p = .038). Conclusions: Specific EI and time management skills may help head nurses to cope with the challenges they face, which may improve the quality of nursing care. Nursing leaders should consider the importance of time management and EI in increasing motivation and satisfaction of nursing staff and improving quality of care.

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Background and Aim: Assembly lines are associated with health risk and musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the upper limbs. The aim of this study was to analyze three risk factors of posture, duration and force by using the postural ergonomic risk assessment (PERA) method in the workers of the assembly unit of automobile parts. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the assembly unit of one of the auto parts manufacturing industries. Using the occupational task analysis method, task identified in one hierarchical task analysis (HTA) was divided into a set of sub-tasks. Risk factors of posture, duration and force were assessed by PERA method for each task. Results: Based on hierarchical task analysis, the vehicle assembly task included four subtasks of deburring, washing, vacuum testing and packaging which consisted of a total of 15 operations. Based on the risk factor analysis, we found the greatest risk of force in loading operations and the most awkward posture in sub-task of deburring and packaging. The risk level was estimated high and unacceptable in all three sub-tasks of washing, vacuum testing, and packaging. Conclusion: Factors of force, posture and duration of work contributed to unacceptable risk in the loading operations of the cylinder head on the pallet and placing it inside the carton. Using tables with adjustable height (reducing the vertical distance between origin and destination) and rotating plates at all angles, together with reducing the exposure time to risk factors by rotation programs for workforces can prevent forward and lateral trunk and neck bending and reduce unacceptable risk levels.