Ever increasing grows of mobile links and need to new technologies in many industries and other job like tourism. Taxi services, could compensate this blank with location based service (LBS) and introduce as public example of GIS in the world. Therefore, in the present article, we consider the concepts, application, component and other information of it by most valid resource.

Background: One of the alternatives for lower-limb orthopedic surgery is spinal anesthesia. It can affect the hemodynamic status and cause the prolonged motor and sensory blocks, as well as urinary retention, which are less common in the unilateral technique. Different drugs are used to improve the quality of the block and reduce its complications. Dexmedetomidine, a selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, and fentanyl, an opioid medication, could administration as an adjuvant to increase the intrathecal block quality. Hence, this study aimed to compare unilateral spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine/dexmedetomidine (BD) and bupivacaine/fentanyl (BF) regimes on the sensory-motor block among patients with lower-limb orthopedic surgeries. Materials and Method: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed on 36 patients who underwent lower-limb orthopedic surgeries in Qaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients who received 5.7 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% plus 10 µg fentanyl (BF group) or 5 µg dexmedetomidine (BD group) were administered for inducing unilateral spinal anesthesia. Patients and investigators responsible for data collection were not awarded from allocation groups. The sensory-motor block level, duration, postoperative analgesia, and complications were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results: No significant difference was observed between the two groups in hemodynamic changes (i.e., systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate) before and after the blockage (P˃0.05). Also, there was no difference in the sensory-motor block level and anesthesia-related complications between BF and BD groups (P˃0.05). Conclusion: In patients for whom the use of opioids for unilateral spinal anesthesia is contraindicated, dexmedetomidine could be considered an appropriate alternative.

With the development of data mining science and information technology, distributed data mining was considered. Distributed data mining was submitted with different purposes, such as increasing the accuracy of result and using data from multiple sources. With the development of distributed data mining, challenges in this field were introduced soon. The main challenge was the issue of privacy preserving. In the past few years, solutions for this problem have been proposed but each one has had a weakness.Given the importance of knowledge, today's organizations need to Distributed Data Mining, Our goal in this article is to provide an approach that able to preserve the privacy in distributed mining. Our approach can be implemented on most of the algorithms. Proposed approach has been useed data encryption and some of techniques that used in security. General TermsPrivacy preserving distributed data mining algorithm.