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In this paper we propose a new method to reproduce signals from high-density recorded patterns irrespective of the resolution of the readout optical system. The basic mechanism of this method, that is, domain wall displacement due to the temperature gradient, was confirmed by direct observation through a polarizing microscope. A clear readout waveform and a CNR of 39.5dB were obtained for a mark length of O.l,um with this method.

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We report highly efficient diffractive beam splitters intended for high-power laser applications. Submicron relief structures that work as an antireflective layer are formed on the surfaces of a splitter to improve its transmitted efficiency. Surface structuring is performed using deep-UV interference lithography and reactive ion etching. As immersed in an index-matching liquid, the resist layer coated on diffractive surfaces is exposed to the interference fringes that are set intersecting the grooves on the surfaces. Rigorously designed structures with a period of 140 nm and a depth of 55 nm are lithographed onto fused-silica splitters. Splitting efficiencies at 266 nm are increased by 8% to compare favorably with a theoretical value, while Fresnel reflections are considerably reduced.