<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 7.1pt 6pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The objective of this <span class="longtext">research was to determine the chemical and organoleptic </span>characteristics</span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> of Cucumis melo L. jelly candies </span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">with the addition of </span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">sorbitol and Curcuma domestika Val. extract</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">. <span style="background: #FFFFFF none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">This research was conducted in the Chemical Laboratory of Agricultural, Department of Agricultural Technology, Agricultural Faculty, Sriwijaya University</span></span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">,</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> Indralaya, from January 2010 to June 2010.</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">This research used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with two treatments and three replications for each treatment<span class="longtext">. S factor was the addition of sorbitol concentration (9%, 16% and 23%) and E was the concentration factor addition of </span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Curcuma domestika Val. extract</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> (5%, 7% and 9%). The results showed that the addition of sorbitol concentration had significant effect on the water content, pH, total sugar and antioxidant activity of </span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Cucumis melo L. jelly candies</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">. The addition of </span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Curcuma domestika Val. extract</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> had significant effect on the water content and antioxidant activity of </span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Cucumis melo L. jelly candies</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">. Interaction addition of sorbitol and </span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Curcuma domestika Val. extract</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> had significant effect on the antioxidant activity of jelly candies.</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">S<sub>2</sub>E<sub>2 </sub><span class="longtext">treatment (sorbitol 20% and 7.5% </span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Curcuma domestika Val. extract</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">) was the best treatment with <span style="background: #FFFFFF none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">chemical </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">characteristics<span class="longtext"><span style="background: #FFFFFF none repeat scroll 0% 0%;"> (water content 36.48%, ash content 3.01%, pH 5.03,</span> total sugar 37.00% and the antioxidant activity 27.09%), and sensory </span>characteristics<span class="longtext"> by scoring preferences (color 3.08, texture 2.88, odour 3.08 and taste 2.88).</span></span></p>
ABSTRAKPenelitian modifikasi pati ganyong melalui perlakuan heat-moisture-treatment (HMT) dan penambahan gum xanthan (GX) dilakukan untuk memperbaiki kelemahan pati ganyong alami sehingga menjadi luas aplikasinya dalam industri pangan terutama produk rerotian. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan 3 perlakukan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah waktu (8 dan 16 jam), suhu (80 °C dan 100 °C), kadar air 15 % dan konsentrasi gum xanthan (0, 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2 %). Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (ANOVA) pada α = 0,05, dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ (α = 0,05). Parameter yang diamati swelling power (SP), indeks kelarutan dalam air (IKA), indeks absobsi air (IAA), derajat pengembangan (DP), dan densitas kamba (DK) pati ganyong termodifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi pati ganyong dengan kombinasi perlakuan suhu dan waktu HMT serta konsentrasi GX menghasilkan pati termodifikasi dengan sifat fisik yang berbeda nyata antar perlakuan maupun pati alaminya. Modifikasi pati ganyong dengan HMT pada suhu 80 °C, waktu 8 jam, kadar air pati 15 % dan konsentrasi gum xanthan 1 % dapat menghasilkan pati ganyong yang sifat fisiknya mendekati tepung terigu kadar protein sedang dan berbeda dengan pati ganyong alami. Sifat fisik pati ganyong termodifikasi tersebut adalah SP 16,90 ± 0,48 g/g, IKA 10,28 ± 0,25 %, IAA 112,58 ± 0,38 %, DP 0,94 ± 0,11 mL/g, dan DK 0,73 ± 0,026 g/mL.Kata kunci: Pati ganyong; gum xanthan; HMT; modifikasi; sifat fisik ABSTRACT Modification of Canna starch through heat-moisture treatment (HMT) and gum xanthan (GX) treatment was conducted to improve the disadvantage of natural Canna starch in order to expand its usage in food industry, especially for bakery products. The research was arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design with three factors (temperature, incubation time, and GX concentrations) and three replications for each factor. The modified Canna starch by HMT possessed water content of 15 % as well as combination of temperature (80 °C and 100 °C), periods (8 and 16 hours) and concentration of GX (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2 %). The observed variables were the swelling power, water solubility index, water absorption index, baking expantion, and bulk density of modified Canna starch. The result showed that the modification of Canna starch by temperature, time of HMT and concentration GX produced modified starch with physical properties that significantly differ among treatments and natural starch. Modified Canna starch by treatments of 80 °C, 8 hours, and 1 % xanthan gum concentration showed had swelling power 16.90 ± 0.48 g/g, water solubility index 10.28 ± 0.25 %, water absorption index 112.58 ± 0.38 %, baking expantion 0.94 ± 0.11 mL/g and bulk density 0.73 ± 0.026 g/mL which alike with wheat flour so that it can be further developed as wheat flour substitute on bakery products.
Beras merah diketahui memiliki kelebihan, yaitu mengandung serat dan antosianin yang bersifat fungsional. Potensi beras merah perlu digali lebih intensif melalui berbagai penelitian. Salah satu upaya pengembangan beras merah sebagai bahan pangan adalah dengan cara mengolahnya menjadi tepung. Terdapat beberapa tahapan yang harus diperhatikan untuk mendapatkan tepung dengan sifat fisikokimia yang baik, seperti pengeringan dan penggilingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh lama dan suhu pengeringan terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia tepung beras merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktorial. Faktor penelitian yaitu lama pengeringan (A) dan suhu pengeringan (B). Faktor A terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu 1 jam, 2 jam, dan 3 jam, dan faktor B juga terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu 50°C, 55°C, dan 60°C. Parameter yang diamati adalah rendemen, densitas kamba, kapasitas penyerapan air, swelling power, kelarutan, kadar air, dan kadar amilosa tepung beras merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama dan suhu pengeringan secara signifikan menurunkan rendemen, densitas kamba, dan kadar air, tetapi secara signifikan meningkatkan kapasitas penyerapan air, swelling power, kelarutan, dan kadar amilosa tepung beras merah. Kadar air tepung beras merah yang dihasilkan telah sesuai dengan standar SNI (3549; 2009).
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