A new type of formwork systems based on the use of BIM technologies and formwork sheets from polymeric materials for the erection of standard and individual building structures with a fi ne fi nish have been proposed. The statistical data on the development trend of monolithic housing construction in Russia and the world are given. The advantages and disadvantages of this technology are presented, it is shown how to deal with them. A system of paraffi n formwork has been proposed to facilitate restoration work, as well as works on the construction of architecturally expressive parts of the facades (moldings, sandriks, bulk compositions). An algorithm for working with it using spatial scanning of facades and 3D printing has been developed.
The article describes a new method for determining the design fi re resistance of composite (steel-concrete) building constructions of buildings. The advanced algorithm of the decision of the fi re-technical task in the part of express calculation of design fi re resistance of composite building constructions is given. A new constructive form of composite reinforced concrete structure of the building has been developed and the system of actions for assessing the fi re resistance of its elements at the level of inventions, which are implemented in building practice, has been improved. The components of the creative result of scientifi c work and the content of the technical eff ect, including resource saving, are introduced, with the introduction of an innovative solution in the practice of fi re protection and providing fi re resistance of perspective building constructions of buildings.
The article presents the analysis of the stress state of a flat reinforced concrete slab under punching through a numerical study on finite element models. Three models with different cross – section shape of the column-square, rectangular and L-shaped-are considered. The calculation of the punching according to the standard method is carried out under the assumption of a uniform distribution of shear stresses on the control perimeter of the punching. The results of the study allow drawing a conclusion about a significant uneven distribution of shear stresses on the control perimeter, depending on the shape of the cross-section of the column. The conclusion corresponds to the results of previously performed experimental studies on test samples. According to the results of the study, the effective length of the control perimeter of the plate punching for the considered forms of the column cross-section is determined.
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