Summary:Glomerular function of all long-term survivors who underwent hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from 1991 to 1998 (study I, n ¼ 121) was studied retrospectively. In addition, we prospectively analyzed glomerular and tubular function of all long-term surviving children who received an HSCT between 1998 and 2000 (study II, n ¼ 41). We found a lower prevalence of children with chronic renal failure (CRF) post-HSCT in our more recent cohort (study II: 10%) as compared to the older cohort (study I: 24%) 5.0 (0.7 s.d.) and 7.6 (2.4 s.d.) year's post-HSCT, respectively. Furthermore, it seems that renal function may stabilize after 1-year post-HSCT. None of the patients required dialysis or antihypertensive medication at long-term follow-up. The sole predictor of CRF in our study was high serum creatinine pre-HSCT (P ¼ 0.007), while acute renal failure within 3 months after HSCT (P ¼ 0.08) only showed a trend towards predicting CRF. We could not confirm a relation of conditioning with irradiation with CRF post-HSCT, as was shown in several other pediatric and adult studies. Proximal and distal tubular dysfunction only occurred in a minority of long-time survivors of HSCT (3-12 and 9-13%, respectively) and had no clinical consequences. Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has evolved as an accepted treatment modality for a diverse spectrum of diseases in children such as hematological malignancies, bone marrow failure syndromes, immunodeficiencies and inborn errors of metabolism. The 5-year survival rates depend on the disease for which HSCT is performed and vary from 90% for immunodeficiencies to 25% for highrisk hematological malignancies. 1 As long-term survival has improved over the years, assessment of late complications becomes increasingly important. Chronic renal failure (CRF) following allogeneic HSCT is reported in children, although data on incidence and etiology in long-term survivors of HSCT are still scarce. 2,3 Understanding of the possible risk factors and the pathogenesis of acute and chronic renal failure after HSCT is required in order to reduce its incidence. We have previously shown a prevalence of 28% CRF in children 1-year post-HSCT in a retrospective study, and more recently a lower prevalence of only 11% in a prospective study. 4,5 In the current study, we investigated how renal function of these patients evolved after an extended follow-up period. Patients and methods

Head-to-head comparison showed good agreement between SPECT and CMR for functional evaluation of bypass grafts. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance may offer an alternative method to SPECT for functional characterization of angiographic lesions.

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SUMMARY In small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC), CT scan remains the most accurate imaging modality for evaluating local extension and specific sites of metastatic disease. The role of nuclear medicine in the work‐up of SCLC is still limited to the detection of bone metastases. Recently, a new potential diagnostic tool has been introduced based on the presence of somatostatin receptors in SCLC. With the use of radiolabelled somatostatin analogues it is hoped that an equally effective but simpler staging system has been found that gives a better separation of prognostic subgroups. This article reviews the role of nuclear medicine in general and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in particular in the imaging and staging of SCLC. Clinical value in terms of sensitivity and specificity is discussed in relation with other imaging and staging modalities.