Two field experiments were carried out at Kafr El-Hamam Research Station, Zagazig district, Sharkia Governorate, Agricultural Research Center during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons to study the effect of sowing methods (manual and mechanical), weed control treatments (one hand hoeing, Goltix 70 WG (metamitron) as herbicide, Goltix + one hand hoeing and two hand hoeing) and nitrogen fertilizer levels (60, 80 and 100 kg N/fed) on growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cv. Hanrike as well as weeds characters. The obtained results could be summarized as follows: 1. Mechanical sowing method of sugar beet by planter machine significantly surpassed the traditional sowing method (manual) in all studied growth and minimized weed characters in both seasons. 2. Controlling weeds associated with sugar beet plants by two hand hoeings before the second and the third irrigations significantly recorded the highest values of studied growth attributes and minimized weed characters in both seasons. While, using Goltix 70 WG (metamitron) as herbicide + one hand hoeing before second irrigation came in the second rank in this respect in both seasons. On the other hand, the lowest values of all growth attributes and weed characters were resulted from the control treatment (one hand hoeing) in both seasons. 3. Fertilizing sugar beet plants with 100 kg N/fed significantly increased all studied growth and weed characters and markedly recorded the highest values of these characters in both seasons. However, application of 60 kg N/fed produced the lowest values of all studied characters in the two growing seasons. From the obtained data in this study, it can be concluded that sowing sugar beet using mechanical sowing method (planter machine), controlling weeds by hand hoeing at two times and mineral fertilizing with 100 kg N/fed could be recommended in order to maximize its growth attributes and reduce weed growth under the environmental conditions of Sharkia Governorate.

Two field experiments were carried out at Kafr El-Hamam Research Station, Zagazig district, Sharkia Governorate, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons to study the effect of sowing methods (manual and mechanical), weed control treatments (one hoeing, Goltix 70 WG (metamitron), Goltix+one hoeing and two hoeing) and nitrogen fertilizer levels (60, 80 and 100 kg N/fed) on yield, its components and quality of sugar beet cv. Hanrike. The obtained results could be summarized as follows; Mechanical sowing method of sugar beet significantly surpassed the traditional sowing method in root and foliage fresh weights/plant, root/top ratio, root length and diameter, root, top and sugar yields/fed in both seasons. Sowing methods showed significant effect on TSS, sucrose and purity percentages in both seasons, except purity% in the second season. Controlling weeds by two hand hoeings significantly recorded the highest values of root, top and sugar yields/fed and its components and purity percentage in both seasons. However, the highest percentages of TSS and sucrose were achieved from controlling weed by one hand hoeing in both seasons. Fertilizing sugar beet plants with 100 kg N/fed significantly increased yields and its components and markedly recorded the highest values in both seasons. From the obtained, it can be concluded that sowing sugar beet using mechanical sowing method (planter machine), controlling weeds by hand hoeing and mineral fertilizing with 100 kg N/fed could be recommended in order to maximize its productivity and quality under the environmental conditions of Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.

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Horticulture International Journal Research Article Open Access Genotypic variability in fruits characters of moroccan watermelon cultivars (Citrullus Lanatus) cultivars under well and limited watered conditions 379

Two field experiments were carried out at the private field in El-Orman village, El-Sinbelaween Center, Dakahlia Governorate, during 2005 and2006 seasons to find out the effect of three sowing methods (Afeer, Hyrathy and Improved Hyrathy), three mechanical weed control (without, one and two hoeing) and three nitrogen fertilizer levels (75, 100, and 125 kg N/fed) on growth, yield and its components of maize (Zea mays L.) Single Cross 10 (S.C. 10). Each sowing methods was done in separate experiment. Every experiment of sowing method was carried out in split plot design with four replications. The obvious results of this investigation can be summarized as follows: Sowing maize plants via Improved Hyrathy method significantly increased all studied characters as compared with other sowing methods (Afeer and Hyrathy) in both seasons.  Mechanical weed control in maize fields through two hoeing caused remarkable increases in growth characters, yield and its components comparison with without hoeing or controlling weed by one hoeing in the two growing seasons. Application nitrogen fertilization at the level of 125 kg N/fed significantly exceeded other levels (75 and 100 kg N/fed) of studied growth parameters and yield components as well as grain yield in both seasons. Finally, the preferable growth and yield of maize S.C. 10 can be achieved through planting by Improved Hyrathy method, controlling weeds by hoeing at two times and mineral fertilizing with 125 kg N/fad under the environmental conditions of El-Sinbelaween Center, Dakahlia Governorate.