Recently, the variety of the financial frauds have increased, while the number of victims became difficult to estimate. The purpose of this paper is to present the main profiles of financial frauds’ victims using a reviewing method. The analysis captures the main theoretical and empirical background regarding the motives and circumstances of becoming a victim, the dynamics of several social and demographical characteristics of this type of victims, as well as a sample of relevant case studies from some developing countries. The main finding is that, in literature, most of the victims are male people of different ages, employed, married or single, regardless the level of education. For developing countries such as China, India and Nigeria, the majority of victims act out of naivety and desire to escape from poverty, while some victims from Latin America, China and Nigeria are influenced by greed and lack of empathy, without thinking of further consequences for their families and friends involved. Moreover, most of the victims are convinced to invest in financial schemes by family members, friends, or acquaintances.

The COVID-19 period has led us to a political economic crisis, which has brought normative people to commit economic crimes -not with the aim of getting rich or making easy money, but with the aim of preventing the economic collapse of their family or business. These offenses are not necessarily committed with the intention of getting rich, notwithstanding that they may be among the more serious economic offenses. This article reviews the white-collar scams that gained momentum during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and examines why normative people turned into "white-collar criminals" during the COVID-19 pandemic that broke out in December 2019. Why and how did this happen? and also reviews the situation before the pandemic, during the pandemic and after it.

In recent years, we have been aware of many criminal investigations involving white-collar workers, including bank managers, managers of insurance companies, senior officials in various government ministries, and a considerable number of well-known businessmen. In this article, I will present a number of findings related to a phenomenon called white-collar crime, with the aim of examining what is the law enforcement policy required to deal with this phenomenon in Israel. That is of great importance in today's modern society. To this end, I examined the question of whether there is a general deterrence in this type of crime, with an emphasis on one of its dimensions -"money laundering".