A means of encoding and decoding data using wireless orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes is proposed and analysed. Source data symbols are used to select an OAM mode, which is generated using an 8-element circular array. A 2-element array is used to detect the mode by estimating the phase gradient of the received signal, and hence identifying the transmitted data symbol. The results are presented in terms of mode estimation error.
In this work, we investigate the performance of multicarrier index keying (MCIK) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) proposing a hybrid low complexity detection and diversity reception. For performance analysis, we derive novel exact closed-form expressions for the average pairwise error probability (PEP) and symbol error probability (SEP) of three detection methods: a greedy detector (GD), and a GD with maximal ratio combining (MRC) or selection combining (SC). Approximate and accurate expressions for the average PEP and SEP are also analyzed in closed-form. The derived expressions provide a useful insight into the error performance of MCIK-OFDM with the hybrid detector in low, moderate and extreme rate of sparse sub-carrier indices activation. The effects of multiple antennas and sparse sub-carriers activation on the SEP are addressed in several extreme cases; decreasing the average SEP exponentially with proper choice of both sub-carrier activation rate and number of antennas. In comparison with the benchmark detection, the numerical results and simulations clearly show that the proposed schemes can benefit from diversity gain, at substantially reduced complexity. The derived SEP expressions and analyses will be useful to evaluate various concepts of MCIK OFDM in low-power device applications. Index Terms-Greedy detection (GD), multicarrier index keying (MCIK), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), symbol error probability (SEP).
Abstract-This letter analyzes the performance of a low complexity detection scheme for a multi-carrier index keying (MCIK) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system over two-wave with diffused power (TWDP) fading channels. A closed-form expression for the average pairwise error probability (PEP) over TWDP fading channels is derived. This expression is used to analyze the performance of MCIK-OFDM in moderate, severe and extreme fading conditions. The presented results provide an insight on the performance of MCIK-OFDM for wireless communication systems that operate in enclosed metallic structures such as in-vehicular device-to-device (D2D) wireless networks.Index Terms-Multi-carrier index keying (MCIK), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), tow-wave with diffuse power (TWDP) fading, Device-to-device (D2D), pairwise error probability (PEP).
(2017) Energy detection based spectrum sensing over two-wave and diffuse power fading channels. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 66(1), pp. 868-874. (doi:10.1109868-874. (doi:10. /TVT.2016 This is the author's final accepted version.There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Abstract-One of the most important factors that affects the performance of energy detection (ED) is the fading channel between the wireless nodes. This article investigates the performance of ED-based spectrum sensing, for cognitive radio (CR), over two-wave with diffuse power (TWDP) fading channels. The TWDP fading model characterizes a variety of fading channels, including well-known canonical fading distributions, such as Rayleigh and Rician, as well as worse than Rayleigh fading conditions modeled by the two-ray fading model. Novel analytic expressions for the average probability of detection over TWDP fading that account for single-user and cooperative spectrum sensing as well as square law selection diversity reception are derived. These expressions are used to analyze the behavior of EDbased spectrum sensing over moderate, severe and extreme fading conditions, and to investigate the use of cooperation and diversity as a means of mitigating the fading effects. The obtained results indicate that TWDP fading conditions can significantly degrade the sensing performance; however, it is shown that detection performance can be improved when cooperation and diversity are employed. The presented outcomes enable identifying the limits of ED-based spectrum sensing and quantifying the tradeoffs between detection performance and energy efficiency for cognitive radio systems deployed within confined environments such as in-vehicular wireless networks.
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