Health literacy (HL) represents an important determinant of health and is considereda necessary prerequisite for health-promoting behaviour as well as the maintenance andpromotion of health. Strengthening HL is an important aspect of prevention and healthpromotion in the context of (teacher) education and it is partially integrated into theGerman Professional Standards for Teachers. Previous study results of (prospective) teacherspoint to deficient training regarding health-related competencies in the context of theirqualification. Overall, there are too few studies on prospective teachers’ HL and only few thatfocus on the key health-related competencies of HL in the context of prospective teachers’health. Linking this study examined the HL and health status of student teachers (ST) andteacher trainees (TT) and their differences. In addition, the association between the twoconstructs will be elaborated. In this study, 195 ST and 242 TT participated in an onlinesurvey, which used questionnaires to assess HL and health status. The statistical analysis tookinto consideration t-tests, product-moment correlations, and multivariate regression analyses. With the exception of key HL competence communication and cooperation, the other key HLcompetencies were significantly stronger among ST. In contrast, TT assessed their healthstatus significantly better. In terms of correlations, ST and TT abilities to self-regulate playeda leading role. In ST, self-regulation represented the statistically strongest predictor forhealth status, but in TT, proactive approach to health represented the strongest predictor.
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Ungefähr die Hälfte der Studierenden weist eine eingeschränkte Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) auf. Bislang werden Lehramtsstudierende in Studien zur GK selten adressiert. Im Kontext von Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung erscheint dies aber ein bedeutsames Thema für die Lehrkräfteausbildung zu sein. Ziel der Arbeit Erfassung, Vergleich, Zusammenhänge und deren Analyse bezogen auf die erweiterten Fähigkeiten der GK und des allgemeinen Gesundheitszustands von Lehramtsstudierenden (LS) und Nicht-Lehramtsstudierenden (NLS). Material und Methode An der Online-Erhebung haben 303 Masterstudierende (LS = 195/ NLS = 108) teilgenommen, die mittels Fragebogen die GK (nach Lenartz) und den allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand (nach WHO) erfasst hat. Die statische Auswertung berücksichtigte t‑Tests, Produkt-Moment-Korrelationen und multivariate Regressionsanalysen. Ergebnisse Mit Ausnahme der Verantwortungsübernahme weisen LS im Vergleich zu NLS signifikant höhere Werte in den übrigen Fähigkeiten der GK auf. Die niedrigsten Ausprägungen sind in beiden Gruppen in den Fähigkeiten zur Selbstregulation (SR) sowie Kommunikation und Kooperation (KUK) zu verzeichnen. LS und NLS unterscheiden sich nicht-signifikant in Bezug auf den allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand. Knapp jeder dritte Studierende weist einen schlechten Gesundheitszustand auf. Bezüglich der Zusammenhänge nimmt die Fähigkeit zur SR eine vorgeordnete Rolle ein und stellt den statistisch stärksten Prädiktor dar. Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die Bedeutung der GK für den allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand. Es lassen sich Interventionen ableiten, die die Fähigkeiten zur SR und KUK fördern. Im Hochschulsetting sollten Rahmenbedingungen geschaffen werden, die die frühzeitige und stetige Förderung der GK für Studierende ermöglichen, u. a. da die späteren Lehrkräfte wichtige Multiplikatorenfunktionen ausüben.
Teacher well-being is intrinsically associated with their personal resources, including health literacy and occupational self-regulation. However, there are few empirical findings on teacher trainees’ health literacy. Furthermore, occupational self-regulation has so far only been associated with indicators of occupational well-being. From a public health perspective, research on teacher trainees’ general well-being will benefit from taking both research aspects into account. In this study, we analysed data from 407 teacher trainees in Germany. Latent profile analysis confirmed the four occupational self-regulatory types (healthy-ambitious, unambitious, excessively ambitious, and resigned), which differed significantly on the health literacy dimensions self-regulation, self-control, self-perception, proactive approach to health, communication and cooperation, and dealing with health information. The health literacy dimensions of self-regulation and self-control were mainly related to occupational self-regulation. Independently of each other, the self-regulatory types and the health literacy dimensions of self-regulation, self-control, and proactive approach to health predicted teacher trainees’ general well-being. If both constructs are considered together, the health literacy dimensions explain more variance in teacher trainees’ general well-being than the self-regulatory types. Research and practical implications are discussed.
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