The article is devoted to mathematical modeling of flow distribution in hydraulic net-works. Calculations of hydraulic networks are carried out at the stage of their design and operation. The results of numerical simulation are used to control the operation of the hy-draulic network in real time. The mathematical model of the distribution of flows in the hydraulic network is a system of nonlinear equations. The nodal pressures method used to solve the system of equations numerically is the n-dimensional Newton method. To ensure stable and fast convergence of the iterative process, it is proposed to use the initial approx-imation taking into account the network topology and parameters of its objects, use the lower relaxation factor and optimize the structure of the Maxwell matrix. The algorithms presented in the paper allow one to significantly reduce the dimension of the system of nonlinear equations being solved.
The article is a continuation of a series of articles on the use of telemetry data of heat network parameters. In the first article, a data verification system based on consistency with physical laws is considered. The second article is devoted to the use of regression analysis to verify telemetry data. The proposed article shows the use of telemetry data to evaluate and predict one of the most important parameters of the heating network – the estimated heating load. The presented results indicate that it is not enough just to analyze the calculated heat load recalculated for the current conditions and compare these values with the actual consumption. It is necessary to simultaneously analyze the deviation of the temperature difference at the outlet and entrance to the TSC with the normalized parameters of thermal graphs.
Currently, the digitalization of construction projects is becoming a reality. The energy model of a build-ing (BEM) is being introduced into the design practice, which does not allow directly solving the prob-lems of designing engineering systems of a building. There is a gap in approaches to building a digital building information model. On the one hand, there is the maximum use of information from the digital model during design calculations. On the other hand, there is a simplification of mathematical models for solving problems related to the design of engineering systems. Many important tasks of design and op-eration of engineering systems are not solved in conjunction with the premises of the building. It is pro-posed to use the representation of the building as a graph, which will allow you to solve the problems of design and operation of engineering systems correctly. Most of the necessary information is already pre-sent in the building information model and can be extracted from it automatically. As an example of con-verting information from a digital model, the problem of determining the heat loss of premises was cho-sen. This task is a mandatory part of any project. Existing software products do not allow you to automat-ically determine the dimensions of the enclosing structures of the room that are necessary for solving the problem, and do not take into account the relative location of the premises. These reasons determine the need to develop the application. Materials and methods: To solve the problems of design and operation of engineering systems of a building, it is proposed to use a topological model of a building, which is a connected graph, the compo-nents of which are a base subgraph describing the connections between the premises of the building and subgraphs of engineering systems. The data structure and algorithm for forming a basic building sub-graph based on a digital building model are presented Results: The software application that implements the proposed algorithm was tested on the calculation of heat loss in the premises of a building. A 3D model of a 10-storey residential building was used as the object of the experiment. As a result of the experiment, a reduction in the time required for the prepara-tion of the initial information and for the calculation was revealed from 8 hours to 20 minutes.. Conclusions: Taking into account the relative location of building premises and life support systems in the topological model of the building allows solving problems of environmental and fire safety, optimiz-ing design solutions for supply, exhaust, smoke ventilation systems and other tasks. The developed soft-ware module designed for calculating the heat loss of premises is the first step in the development of software products that use a digital model of a building as the initial information for building a topologi-cal model.
Introduction: The calculation of heat loss of the room is a mandatory part of any project. Most of the information required for calculations is present in the building information model and can be extracted from it automatically. An example that requires the transformation of digital model information is the task of constructing room zones when calculating heat loss through the floor. Existing software products do not have modules that allow you to automatically calculate the heat loss of a room, including through the floor, breaking it down into zones. The object displacement functions built into the software products are not intended for constructing floor zones and cannot be used as a component of the developed module. These reasons determine the need to develop an algorithm for constructing zones that are necessary for calculating heat loss through the floor, and its implementation. Materials and methods: An algorithm for the formation of floor zones of a room is presented. The algorithm allows you to build zones for placing an arbitrary layout. Results: A plug-in for Autodesk Revit, which implements the proposed algorithm, was tested on the calculation of heat losses in the rooms of the technical floor of the building. As a result of the experiment, a reduction in the time required for the preparation of the initial information and for the calculation, from 4 hours to 2 minutes, was revealed. Conclusions: The developed software module, designed to calculate the heat loss of premises through the floor of premises, broken down into zones, is a step in the development of software products that use a digital building model as initial information.
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