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In order to solve the problems of optimizing production and transportation systems, a clustering procedure for objects is suggested. The procedure is a universal methodology for dividing a set of objects into subsets with their centers possessing optimal properties. At the same time, the use of point proximity metrics used in cluster analysis models the minimization of distances during transportation. If the volume of produced/extracted containerisable products of a production point is considered as the “weight” of each point, than the problem of minimizing transportation costs can be solved as a problem of optimizing clusters and their centers. A set of analytical models has been developed to describe and optimize the choice of location and number of container terminals (CT) at the first level and container storage and distribution centers (СSDC) at the second level of a two-level terminal model and logistics infrastructure of the container transport system (CTS). New clustering algorithms are suggested to determine the locations of CT and СSDC based on the condition of minimizing transportation costs and creating a terminal and logistics infrastructure, taking into account given or random number of clusters.

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Introduction. The formation of an overarching network of nodal freight multimodal transport and logistics centres in the Russian Federation and organisation of high-speed freight traffic on schedule on its basis requires the development of science-based proposals for the creation or modernisation of the corresponding regional transport and logistics infrastructure. One of the most important tasks in the implementation of this project in the context of limited investment resources is the correct justification of the number and choice of locations for the transport and logistics centres of the overarching network in the Russian Federation, as well as the locations of transport and logistics centres in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. This article provides an evaluation analysis of the classical methods for finding optimal centres on a plane and some construction of mathematical quantitative models for the optimal placement of transport and logistics facilities.Results. According to the evaluation analysis, the authors have drafted a scientifically based concept of a systematic approach to the issues of rational design and placement of elements of transport and logistics infrastructure, in particular, the overarching network of nodal freight multimodal transport and logistics centres, as part of a new highly efficient transport and logistics infrastructure of the Russian Federation and its international transport corridors.Discussion and conclusion. The obtained results of the study can be used for scientifically based decision-making in investment projects related to the development of transport and logistics infrastructure at both regional and federal levels: substantiation of locations and technological capacities of transport and logistics infrastructure facilities; determining the need for the development of objects of the regional transport and logistics infrastructure, while eliminating their bottlenecks; implementation of a phased set of measures to modernise the existing terminal and logistics complex.