The article considers the pragmatic potential of a news video-verbal text. As is known, mass media are an indispensable part of a modern society's life. We can quickly find information using various technologies. Nonetheless, it may significantly differ from the status quo because the information source may spread intentionally false information as if it were reliable. Today, the informative function of the media, once dominant, is gradually giving way to the influencing function. Over the past few years, multiple tools and methods of influence have emerged to help unnoticeably control many people. The human mind can be manipulated in three ways: verbally, visually and audibly. Together, these three ways tend to enhance linguistic manipulation but sometimes they can exert influence independently. Thus, it seems relevant to research into the news video-verbal text in order to reveal ways of its influence on the human mind. The video-verbal text remains a rather understudied and relatively new type of the media text. The part of the text featured in video format is of great interest for study, as it can convey the greater part of information, often implied, obscure and inconspicuous in its verbal component. To manipulate the human mind, the verbal component of the news video-verbal text creates visual images that can be illustrated, supplemented and enhanced by media means. The study results show that the media component of the news text has a high influencing potential and can put the focus on particular meanings hence changing the recipient's world view.

Целью настоящей статьи является синонимический ряд с доминантой tapfer в немецком языке, используемый для характеристики человека храброго в немецкой лингвокультуре. Обосновывается обращение к данному ряду, определяются специфика синонима, вносящего определенный вклад в реконструкцию и в описание национально-специфического проявления храбрости и человека храброго. Ключевые слова: синонимический ряд, доминанта ряда, человек храбрый.

No abstract

This article is devoted to research on the semantics of four basic emotions (joy, surprise, sadness, anger) being verbalized in the context of the prototype theory and conceptual integration theory. A prototypical situation of expressing emotions can be distinguished which further makes it possible to determine both prototypical and non-prototypical means to verbalize this prototypical situation. Predicates which can indicate emotions in their semantics (to surprise, to be happy, to be angry/to hate, to be sad) are considered to be prototypical means verbalizing emotions. Non-prototypical means are those lexemes and grammatical constructions which, in their semantics, inherently do not have meanings to convey emotions. The article also deals with the non-prototypical constructions-blends which can both categorize the basic human emotions and combine the elements of constructions specific to other situations reflecting the real world. In blends all the parts of the sentence make an equal contribution to its meaning and, consequently, jointly categorize the situation, which is indicative of a holistic approach to the subject under consideration.