The swelling of a polymer membrane NafionTM in deionized water and isotonic NaCl and Ringer’s solutions was studied by photoluminescent spectroscopy. According to our previous studies, the surface of this membrane could be considered as a model for a cellular surface. Liquid samples, in which the membrane was soaked, were subjected to preliminary electromagnetic treatment, which consisted of irradiating these samples with electric rectangular pulses of 1 µs duration using platinum electrodes immersed in the liquid. We used a series of pulses with a repetition rate of 11–125 Hz; the pulse amplitudes were equal to 100 and 500 mV. It turned out that at certain pulse repetition rates and their amplitudes, the characteristic swelling time of the polymer membrane significantly differs from the swelling time in untreated (reference) samples. At the same time, there is no effect for certain frequencies/pulse amplitudes. The time interval between electromagnetic treatment and measurements was about 20 min. Thus, in our experiments the effects associated with the long-term relaxation of liquids on the electromagnetic processing are manifested. The effect of long-term relaxation could be associated with a slight change in the geometric characteristics of bubston clusters during electromagnetic treatment.

Photoluminescence from the surface of a Nafion polymer membrane upon swelling in isotonic aqueous solutions and Milli-Q water has been studied. Liquid samples were preliminarily processed by electric pulses with a duration of 1 μs and an amplitude of 0.1 V using an antenna in the form of a flat capacitor; experiments on photoluminescent spectroscopy were carried out 20 min after this treatment. A typical dependence of the luminescence intensity, I, on the swelling time, t, obeys an exponentially decaying function. The characteristic decay time of these functions and the stationary level of luminescence intensity depend on the repetition rate of electrical pulses, and the obtained dependences are well reproduced. It transpired that, at certain pulse repetition rates, the dependence, I(t), is a random function, and there is no reproducibility. Stochastic effects are associated with a random external force of an electromagnetic nature that acts on a polymer membrane during swelling. The source of this random force, in our opinion, is low-frequency pulsations of neutron stars or white dwarfs.

In photoluminescence spectroscopy experiments, the interaction mode of the polymer membrane Nafion with various amino-acids was studied. The experiments were performed with physiological NaCl solutions prepared in an ordinary water (the deuterium content is 157 ± 1 ppm) and also in deuterium-depleted water (the deuterium content is ≤1 ppm). These studies were motivated by the fact that when Nafion swells in ordinary water, the polymer fibers are effectively “unwound” into the liquid bulk, while in the case of deuterium-depleted water, the unwinding effect is missing. In addition, polymer fibers, unwound into the liquid bulk, are similar to the extracellular matrix (glycocalyx) on the cell membrane surface. It is of interest to clarify the role of unwound fibers in the interaction of amino-acids with the polymer membrane surface. It turned out that the interaction of amino-acids with the membrane surface gives rise to the effects of quenching luminescence from the luminescence centers. We first observed various dynamic regimes arising upon swelling the Nafion membrane in amino-acid suspension with various isotopic content, including triggering effects, which is similar to the processes in the logical gates of computers.

Цель исследований: оценка эффективности технологии дистанционной электромагнитной обработки сортов картофеля слабым неионизирующим нетепловым импульсным электромагнитным излучением (ЭМИ). Клубни картофеля отечественных сортов (местной селекции) Печорский и Зырянец перед посадкой подвергали электромагнитному воздействию аппаратом «ТОР-био», в режиме 15/5 (15 минут воздействия, 5 минут перерыв в течение 1 часа перед посадкой) с индивидуальным спектром воздействия. Эффективность воздействия ЭМИ на растения картофеля оценивали на опытных участках Федерального исследовательского центра Коми НЦ УрО РАН. Их площадь составляла 800 м². Посадку картофеля (0,7 × 0,3 м) и сопутствующие полевые наблюдения проводили по стандартным методикам. Почва опытного участка дерново-подзолистая. Агрохимические анализы почвы и химического состава клубней проводили в аттестованных аналитических лабораториях. По результатам исследований 2021–2022 годов, предпосевная обработка клубней ЭМИ способствовала существенному увеличению общей урожайности в сравнении с контрольными (необработанными) вариантами. в условиях Республики Коми более чувствительными к ЭМИ оказались сорта местной селекции. Доказано кратное снижение потерь картофеля, заложенного на длительное хранение, при автоматизированной ежедневной кратковременной дистанционной обработке по технологии «ТОР» помещений хранилища за счет снижения патогенной нагрузки. Доля клубней, пораженных паршой, при зимнем хранении (ноябрь 2021 года по март 2022 года) у обработанного картофеля составила 5% против 14% в контрольной (необработанной) группе. В 2022 году через три недели после уборки картофеля убыль у обработанного картофеля не превышала 2% (1,9%), у контрольного варианта она составляла 9%, у картофеля, выращенного на участке, подготовленном для выращивания сельхозкультур, убыль составляла 5,5%. Убыль массы, обусловленная сухой гилью, за период хранения с ноября 2022 года по апрель 2023 года для обработанного картофеля составляла 0,6%, необработанного – 0,95%. Доля клубней, зараженных паршой, у обработанного картофеля составляла 6%, у необработанного – 13%. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of the technology of remote electromagnetic processing of potato varieties by weak non-ionizing pulsed alternating electromagnetic fields (EMF). Potato tubers (varieties of domestic local selection Pechorsky and Zyryanets) before planting were subjected to electromagnetic exposure using the TOR-bio apparatus, in the 15/5 mode (15 minutes of exposure, 5 minutes break for 1 hour before planting) with an individual spectrum of exposure. Evaluation of the effectiveness of EMF on the yield of potatoes was carried out at the sites of the Institute of Agrobiotechnology of the Federal Research Center of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The area of the experimental plots was 800 m². Potato planting (0.7 × 0.3 m), as well as field observations of potato plants, were carried out according to the standard generally accepted methodology. The soil of the experimental plot is soddy-podzolic. Soil analyzes were carried in certified analytical laboratories. Pre-planting treatment of tubers with EMF (results of 2021 and 2022 studies) led to a significant increase in overall crop compared to control options. Under the conditions of the Komi Republic, varieties of local selection turned out to be more EMF-sensitive. A multiple reduction in losses of potatoes laid down for long-term storage has been proven with automated daily short-term remote processing using the TOR technology of storage facilities by reducing the pathogenic load. The proportion of tubers affected by scab during winter storage (November 2021 to March 2022) in processed potatoes was 5% versus 14% in the control (untreated) group. In 2022, three weeks after potato harvesting, the decrease in processed potatoes did not exceed 2% (1.9%), in the control variant it was 9%, in potatoes grown on a plot prepared for growing crops, the decrease was 5.5%. The loss of weight due to the dry sleeve for the storage period from November 2022 to April 2023 for processed potatoes was 0.6%, unprocessed – 0.95%. The proportion of tubers infected with scab in processed potatoes was 6%, in unprocessed potatoes – 13%.