The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly defined infectious and highly contagious acute disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is mainly characterized by an acute respiratory disease however it can also affect multiple other organ systems such as the kidney, gastrointestinal tract, heart, vascular system, and the central nervous system. Kidney involvement is frequent in patients with COVID-19 and this review aims to explore the available data on kidney and COVID-19. In conclusion, COVID-19 infection can affect renal function and may cause acute kidney injury (AKI), due to several mechanisms that need to be fully elucidated. As only supportive management strategies are available for treating AKI in COVID-19, it is necessary to identify and preserve renal function during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by a pro-coagulant state that can lead to fatal thromboembolic events. A high prevalence of lupus anticoagulant has been shown in several studies that may at least partially explain the pro-coagulant profile of COVID-19. However, the relation between COVID-19 and lupus anticoagulant is arguable, and no study has clearly evaluated the concussion of lupus anticoagulant on mortality. Methods: We searched the articles that related to lupus anticoagulant and patients with COVID-19. Two authors independently reviewed the search results to select English language articles discussing lupus anticoagulant in patients with COVID-19. Results: Recent studies found conflicting results about the association between lupus anticoagulant and thromboembolic complications of COVID-19. Studies documented a high prevalence of lupus anticoagulants as well as several other studies. Patients with lupus anticoagulants were older, and their C-reactive protein, high-sensitivity troponin, and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were significantly higher than patients without lupus anticoagulants. Conclusion: Those started on therapeutic anticoagulation showed more severe and complicated involvements and a higher risk of death. According to our results, lupus anticoagulant is highly prevalent among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Whether these antibodies promote a hypercoagulable state or they are merely a coincidence, epiphenomenon needs further evaluation.