Background: Coccidiosis is the most common enteric parasitic disease in poultry that is caused by different species of Eimeria. Some chemical drugs were utilized for the control of this infection but drug residue and resistance-induced concerns in chicken consumers.Objective: The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of pomegranate peel extract (PPEx) on the control of coccidiosis in chickens.Methods: Totally, 300 broiler chicks were divided into 10 groups and 5 groups challenged with a mixture of common Eimeria of 21 days old in Iran. Five days after the challenge, as soon as clinical signs appeared, the oocyte per gram (OPG) of faeces was measured, and chickens were treated with 100, 200 and 400 ppm PPEx (for 7 days) and toltrazuril (for 2 days) in separate groups. Another five groups were only treated with these compounds without challenge. All challenged and non-challenged have a control group. The OPG was measured in the final treatment in chickens. At 35 days of age, all chickens were euthanized and the intestinal and liver samples were collected in 10% formalin for histopathological examination. The growth indices were recorded and analysed all over the growing period, weekly. Results:The results revealed that the addition of PPEx especially in 400 ppm can reduce the intestinal lesions and OPG but in this dose, the growth indices can influence negatively, while the administration of toltrazuril with the best effect on OPG and intestinal lesions, no effect on growth indices in challenged chickens. Also, supplementation of 400 ppm PPEx can induce injuries in the liver while the lower dose has no effect on liver tissue. Conclusion:It is necessary for finding effective ingredients in PPEx and preparation of serial dilution for access to optimal dose with best anti-coccidial effect and lowest negative effect on growth indices in chickens.

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The gastrointestinal form of Isospora is well described in passeriformes, but there are few reports of the visceral form of Isospora. Therefore, to evaluate the visceral form of Isospora in canaries with "black spot" syndrome, gastrointestinal contents were prepared from 50 canaries that were lost and appeared black spot under the skin of the abdomen. At the same time, tissue samples were collected from visceral tissues. After preparing the samples, the oocyst was counted in the digestive contents. A total of 7 canaries out of 50 canaries showed oocyst in their feces. Following the identi cation of infected birds, histopathological sections were prepared from their visceral tissues. Visceral tissues included the heart, liver, and intestine. In ammation and hyperemia were seen on microscopic view of heart, but no developing stage of parasites was seen. The liver showed in ammation as well as the asexual reproductive stage of the parasite. The asexual reproductive stage of the parasite was also observed in the intestine. Therefore, Isospora seems to be involved in the syndrome of black spot in canaries by causing gastrointestinal and visceral lesions.

Regarding the strong antioxidant properties of Rosa damascene extract, this study aimed to investigate the protective role of Rosa damascene Miller hydroalcoholic petal extract on oxidative stress parameters and testis tissue in rats treated with sodium arsenite. To this end, 30 male rats were divided into five groups, including control, positive control (treated with arsenite), and three groups of patients affected by sodium arsenite with 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and 450 mg/kg Rosa damascene extract for 34 days by gavage. The animals were then anesthetized, and the blood samples were collected from the heart. The left testis was removed for histopathological studies. The findings revealed that Sodium arsenite in the positive group caused a significant reduction in TAC, testosterone, and serum Luteinizing hormone (LH) and a significant increase in serum Malondialdehyde. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference among the groups regarding the amount of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Moreover, the consumption of Rosa damascene extract with sodium arsenite caused a significant increase in testosterone, LH, and FSH compared to the positive control group. Histopathological results showed that in the experimental group receiving a dosage of 300 mg/kg b.w and the control group, the number of sperm tubes increased, and the germinal epithelium’s thickness was appropriate. Daily treatment with Rosa damascene extract with a dosage of 300 mg/kg b.w for 34 days could improve the changes caused by sodium arsenite and reduce Malondialdehyde levels. Thus, it seems that Rosa damascene hydroalcoholic extract can effectively improve the male reproductive system’s function.