Barley ranks below wheat, corn and rice in total world production. Barley is one of the most important crops in Iran. In this study, genetic diversity of 20 rainfed barley genotypes were assessed using morphological traits as well as 20 primers of ISJ semi-random markers. There were significant differences among genotypes for the all traits, indicating high genetic variation among barley germplasm. Based on molecular data, 133 bands were detected and 89 bands were polymorph. The mean number of bands was 6.65 per primer. According to cluster analysis of similarity matrix of molecular and Euclidean distances of morphological data, similarities ranged between 0.42-0.85 and 1.44-43.22, respectively. Based on molecular data and morphological traits, the highest similarities were belonged to genotypes number 2, 8 (0.85), and 5, 8 (1.44) respectively. The results showed that intron-exon splice junction (ISJ) markers and morphological traits rather could distinct two and six-rowed and also hulless and hulled barley genotypes. Distinction of two clusters did not follow the same pattern.

Genetic studies of plants are base on high efficiency of purified DNA samples. In this study, we optimized DNA extraction and PCR conditions of Satureja khuzistanica from Iran. The aerial organs of this plant contain high levels of essential oil which makes it difficult to DNA extraction with high quality and thereby intervened with subsequent PCR expansion. Four published DNA extraction protocols include Dellaporta (1983), Doyle and Doyle (1990), Murry and Thompson (1980), Kang and yang (2004) were compared for their capability to produce suitable quality DNA from Satureja khuzistanica. The protocol that provided the foremost DNA quality in the Satureja khuzistanica is selected. In Dellaporta method, no acceptable results were found because SDS buffer extraction was not attached to proteins well. In Doyle and Doyle, the obtained DNA was negligible. In kang and yang method, the quality of extracted DNA was not satisfying. Finally, in modified Murray and Thompson method, the extracted DNA has proper quality. In this method, these factors had the considerable effect on the quality of extracted DNA include: change of incubation time, high NaCl concentration, temperature changes in centrifugation stages, use of proteinase K and TE with high amount of salt and use of plant leaves before flowering stage