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As a source of bioactive compounds, species of the genus Lupinus are interesting legumes from a nutritional point of view. Although wild species are abundant and represent a potential source of nutrients and biologically active compounds, most research has focused on domesticated and semi-domesticated species, such as Lupinus angustifolius, Lupinus albus, Lupinus luteus, and Lupinus mutabilis. Therefore, in this review, we focus on recent research conducted on the wild Lupinus species of Mexico. The nutritional content of these species is characterized (similar to those of the domesticated species), including proteins (isolates), lipids, minerals, dietary fiber, and bioactive compounds, such as oligosaccharides, flavonoids, and alkaloids.

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Pomegranate juice (PJ) has gained popularity attributed to its phenolic compounds and their medicinal properties. Its potential hypoglycemic effect has been related to enzymatic inhibition, insulin release, and the protection of pancreatic tissue. These effects depend on several aspects, such as the content and composition of phenols in pomegranate and characteristics of the organism that consumes the juice. The objective of this study was to systematically review scientific evidence investigating the hypoglycemic effect of PJ; the factors that affect bioactive compounds; and the mechanisms of action attributed to this effect. Human and rodent in vivo and in vitro studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases. After reviewing the articles, it was identified that the methodologies and results among the scientific evidence were quite heterogeneous. Despite these limitations, many of the in vivo and in vitro studies found important hypoglycemic effects from PJ, as well as an increase in the function of b-cell, insulin secretion, a significantly lower activity of a-amylase enzyme, an inhibition of the enzyme a-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), and the protection against DNA damage. Determining the potential health benefits of polyphenols contained in the pomegranate is limited for multiple factors that could affect the efficacy of PJ. Overall, the results of this review suggest the need for further experimentation, using controlled variable factors and testing the effect of PJ under similar experimental conditions.

Experimental evidence has demonstrated the effect of exposure history on feeding behavior in organisms. However, it is reported that sucralose is not adequately consumed by the rats.The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of early exposure to sucralose in subsequent fluid intake in Wistar rats. Twenty rats were assigned into two groups, A and S. The S group was exposed to sucralose from nursing, since her mother drank a solution with sucralose during this stage. Group A was exposed to water. At 90 days of age both groups received a solution with sucralose for 10 days, followed by 10 days in which they returned to initial conditions (A, water and S, sucralose). Later both groups received water for 10 days, ending the experiment with a return to initial conditions for 10 days. The results showed a differential effect in sucralose and water consumption with respect to sex. In particular females consumed more sucralose than males. However, experimental group exposed to it early sucralose showed a higher consumption compared with the group exposed to water. These results showed that exposure to sucralose flavor during lactation influences the fluids habitually consumed by females, also showed differential effects with respect to sex. Animals exposed to sucralose from nursing showed an increase in sucralose consumption after water intake. This evidence demonstrates the role that early exposure to specific flavors in the pattern of consumption in adulthood. Additionally, it is possible to point out the importance of learning at an early age as a tool to prevent the development of food pathologies. ResumenLa evidencia experimental ha demostrado el efecto de la historia de exposición sobre el comportamiento de alimentación en los organismos. Sin embargo, se ha reportado que la sucralosa no es consumida por las ratas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la exposición temprana a la sucralosa en el consumo de líquidos de ratas de la cepa Wistar. Veinte ratas de la cepa Wistar se dividieron en dos grupos: A y S. El grupo S, estuvo expuesto a la sucralosa desde la lactancia, ya que su madre tomó una solución con sucralosa en esa etapa. El grupo A estuvo expuesto a agua. A los 90 días de edad ambos grupos recibieron como bebida una solución con sucralosa por 10 días, seguido de 10 días en los que retornaron a condiciones iniciales (A, agua y S, sucralosa). Posteriormente recibieron como bebida agua por 10 días, finalizando el experimento con un retorno a condiciones iniciales por 10 días. Los resultados mostraron un efecto diferencial en el consumo de sucralosa y agua con respecto al género. En particular, las hembras consumieron más sucralosa que los machos. Sin embargo, el grupo experimental expuesto a la sucralosa mostró un consumo más alto en comparación con el grupo expuesto al agua. Estos resultados mostraron que la exposición al sabor de la sucralosa desde la lactancia, influyó en el consumo habitual de líquidos en las hembras. Los animales expuestos a la sucralosa desde la lactancia mostraron un au...