Big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) is an important species for timber production that is considered the most valuable in the world. For this reason its exploitation is indiscriminate and leads this species to the risk of extinction. Moreover, mahogany is difficult to regenerate naturally and, when used in reforestation programs, plants are severely damaged by the shoot-borer (Hypsipyla grandella Zellar). This work aimed at developing the multiplication stage of micropropagation of Swietenia macrophylla King using juvenile material. After desinfestation, seeds were germinated in MS solid culture medium. Shoot formation from seeds occurred during five months, giving 5.54 nodal segments per seed. These explants were excised, each containing one axillary bud, and transferred on multiplication media. Four experiments with cytokinins were conducted, using media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (2.5 to 50.0 μM), 2-isopentenyladenine (2-iP) (0; 1.1 to 8.8 μM), combinations of BAP (0; 2.5 to 50.0 μM) and 2-iP (2.2 μM). For the first treatments the basal culture medium was MS medium and in the last one MS and QL media were used in separate experiments. When BAP was tested alone, the maximum point of multiplication rate average was obtained on medium containing 23.61 µM, while 2-iP did not induce bud multiplication. On QL culture medium supplemented with the combinations of BAP (0; 2.5; 5.0; 10.0 e 20.0 μM ) and 2-iP (2.2 μM), there was no multiplication. The maximum point of multiplication rate average was 5.7 µM, obtained when the MS culture medium was supplemented with 18.51 µM BAP and 2.2 µM 2-iP.
This work aims to provide the reader with a definition of school violence theme, as well as understanding the mechanisms by which they occur, identifying the authors, coauthors and victims involved, besides the environments in which they occur.. From this, we draw control measures for this epidemic that has played the newspapers and newscasts, with increasingly unusual cases of aggression. To make possible this study, we adopted the practice of typology of documentary research, analyzing and bringing the ideas of some scholars the author's topic. Through a set of thoughts was possible to trace mechanisms to control, or even eradicate, cases of violence in schools. It searches also show the role of the teacher to address the problem that has been affecting the country since immemorial times, yet, stands out the need for adequate training of educators to address the problem, preventing the educator from teaching only their discipline, encouraging greater interaction between teachers and study, we adopted the practice of typology of documentary research, analyzing and bringing the ideas of some scholars the author's topic. Through a set of thoughts was possible to trace mechanisms to control, or even eradicate, cases of violence in schools. It searches also show the role of the teacher to address the problem that has been affecting the country since immemorial times, yet, stands out the need for adequate training of educators to address the problem, preventing the educator from teaching only their discipline, encouraging greater interaction between teachers and students and prove that it is the only way to resolve or ease the situation
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