The aim of this study is to determine the process of middle school sixth grade students recalling their knowledge about fractions. Fifteen students studying in the sixth grade of a public school in the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year participated in the study. The data of the research were obtained within the scope of task-based interviews to determine the coding and retrieval processes of the students' fraction concept. The data were analyzed by content analysis method. The findings are classified under two themes as "keyword method" and "activity method". According to the data obtained, students' retrieval processes differ. It has been observed that most of the students encoded certain word groups in the questions, certain attachments or the statements of the teachers about the operations into their memory as a clue and thus determined how to choose a solution. On the other hand, it was determined that the activities applied during the teaching of the subjects in the classroom were also effective in the process of retrieving the knowledge of the students.