Diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction is considered a long-term complication of diabetes. In this cross-sectional study was studied the relationship between cognitive dysfunction (assessed by using two standardized questionnaires), lipid profile parameters and fatty free acids intake, in outpatients, hospitalized for their periodical control. The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score were related to the body mass index (BMI), high density cholesterol (HDLc), glycated hemoglobin (Hb A1c) and intake of choline and eicosapentaenoic acid (all Ps [ .05, excepting the relationship between MMSE and HDLc). The implications of FFA intake in dementia development, in type 2 diabetics, is important for disease management and prevention.

The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the maximum insertion energy and the surface topography of the Yes Anchor (Orlus TM) orthodontic mini-implants subject to various cleaning and sterilization procedures. A total of 50 orthodontic mini-implants divided in 5 groups were subjected to testing. The only one significant difference (p = 0.04) of the maximum insertion energy was observed between groups YA1 and YA3.

(1) Background: Orthodontic appliances have changed and improved with the increasing demand for orthodontic treatment of the general population. Patients desire for shorter orthodontic treatments and for the wearing of more aesthetic devices has led to the technological development of orthodontic brackets; these were manufactured from aesthetic materials (ceramics, composite polymers) and presented different designs regarding the way archwires are ligated to the bracket. The aim of this study was to determine whether there were any differences between the static frictional forces generated by stainless steel (metallic) and polycrystalline alumina (ceramics) conventional and self-ligating brackets. (2) Methods: Static friction assessment was carried out in vitro with a universal testing machine, HV-500N-S (Schmidt Control Instruments, Hans Schmidt & Co. GmbH), intended for measuring compression and traction forces. (3) Results: The study revealed significant differences in static frictional forces at the bracket-archwire interface between the tested brackets. Stainless steel brackets produced lower static friction forces than polycrystalline alumina and self-ligating brackets generally produced lower static frictional forces than conventional brackets. The reduction of frictional forces was noticeable in the first stages of treatment, when thin, flexible orthodontic archwires (0.016” NiTi) are used. Engaged with large rectangular stainless steel archwires, (0.019 × 0.025” SS), the frictional forces produced by conventional and self-ligating metal brackets were similar, no significant differences being observed between the two types of metallic design. However, in the case of tested ceramic brackets, the results showed that the self-ligating type allows a reduction in frictional forces even in advanced stages of treatment compared to conventionally ligation. (4) Conclusions: From the perspective of an orthodontic system with low frictional forces, metal brackets are preferable to aesthetic ones, and self-ligating ceramic brackets are preferable to conventional ceramic brackets.

angle, gonial angle, FMA angle, NsaNsp -GoGn. Statistical significant differences between cranial base parameters in the two malocclusions groups were depicted, in particular for feminine gender. Regardless of gender, the sphenoidal angle values were mainly increased in both malocclusion groups, when compared to normal population values. The S-Ba lengths were decreased in both malocclusion groups, regardless of gender. More significant alterations of cranial base morphology were depicted in patients with Class II Division 2 malocclusions then in patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion. The study's results sustain the existence of some cranial base alterations in Class II malocclusions.

The use of CBCTs (cone beam computer tomography) instead of 2D radiographs in impacted tooth cases allows precise localisation of the impacted canine in all three axial directions, accurate evaluation of its relations with its neighbouring structures and spatial estimation required for the placement of the impacted canine on the arch. Together with today�s technological advancements, CBCT has improved, as well as its accuracy to localise impacted maxillary canines with the KPG index a system for 3D classification of impacted maxillary canines on CBCT, in report to its ideal position on the arch. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment difficulty for impacted maxillary canines by the use of the KPG index, for a study group of patients being diagnosed with impacted maxillary canines. Based on this, the orthodontist can rapidly establish the treatment level of difficulty for the impacted canine.