-Decompressive craniotomy (DC) is applied to treat post-traumatic intracranial hypertension (ICH).The purpose of this study is to identify prognostic factors and complications of unilateral DC. Eighty-nine patients submited to unilateral DC were retrospectively analyzed over a period of 30 months. Qui square independent test and Fisher test were used to identify prognostic factors. The majority of patients were male (87%). Traffic accidents had occurred in 47% of the cases. 64% of the patients had suffered severe head injury, while pupillary abnormalities were already present in 34%. Brain swelling plus acute subdural hematoma were the most common tomographic findings (64%). Complications occurred in 34.8% of the patients: subdural effusions in 10 (11.2%), hydrocephalus in 7 (7.9%) and infection in 14 (15.7%). The admittance Glasgow coma scale was a statistically significant predictor of outcome ( p=0.0309).KEY WORDS: head injury, intracranial hypertension, decompressive craniotomy. Craniotomia descompressiva: análise de fatores prognósticos e complicações em 89 pacientesResumo -A craniotomia descompressiva (CD) é técnica utilizada para tratamento da hipertensão intracraniana (HIC) pós-traumática. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar fatores prognósticos e complicações nos pacientes submetidos a esta técnica. Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo de 89 pacientes submetidos à CD unilateral para tratamento da HIC pós-traumática durante 30 meses. Utilizou-se testes do Qui-quadrado de independência e teste exato de Fisher para análise de fatores independentes de prognóstico. A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (87%). A causa mais comum foi o acidente de trânsito (47%). A maioria apresentava traumatismo cranioencefálico grave (64%), 34% já apresentavam anisocoria. O achado tomográfico mais comum foi a associação entre tumefação cerebral e hematoma subdural agudo (64%). Em 34,8% dos pacientes houve complicações inerentes à técnica: coleção subdural (11,2%), hidrocefalia (7,9%) e infecção (15,7%). A escala de coma de Glasgow à admissão correlacionou-se estatisticamente como fator prognóstico (p=0,0309). Decompressive craniotomy (DC) is a surgical method performed to immediately reduce intracranial pressure (ICP). It is usually indicated in cases of brain swelling (BS) and acute subdural hematoma (ASDH), or even for nontraumautic lesions in order to accommodate the swollen brain 1 . It consists of a unilateral craniotomy and dural augmentation. The bone can be temporarily stored in the abdominal subcutaneous tissue or can be disposed in case of a subsequent cranioplasty (with methylmethacrylate or titanium plate, among other materials). PALAVRAS-CHAVERecent studies have been evaluating DC efficacy when performed early in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and with intracranial hypertension (ICH), yielding a superior result as compared to late performance or to specific clinical procedures (barbiturate coma and hypothermia) [2][3][4][5][6] . The purpose of this study was to evaluate prognostic...
RESUMO -Introdução:A craniectomia descompressiva (CD) é técnica utilizada para tratamento da hipertensão intracraniana (HIC) pós-traumática. Sua indicação ainda não está bem definida na população pediátrica. Objetivo: Relatar a utilização desta técnica em sete casos pediátricos. Método: Estudo retrospectivo de sete pacientes (2 a 17 anos) que receberam CD unilateral para tratamento de HIC. Todos tiveram monitorização pós-operatória da pressão intracraniana (PIC) e a CD foi classificada em ultra-precoce (<6h), precoce (6-12h) e tardia (>24h) de acordo com o seu tempo de realização após o trauma. O seguimento mínimo foi seis meses. Resultados: Os pacientes foram seguidos por tomografia e quadro clínico, sendo classificados de acordo com a Escala de Outcome de Glasgow (GOS). Três pacientes faleceram (GOS1), um estava em estado vegetativo (GOS2), dois com déficit neurológico moderado (GOS3 e 4) e um com reabilitação funcional completa (GOS5) à época da alta hospitalar. Após período mínimo de seis meses, o paciente que estava em estado vegetativo e um dos que tinha déficit neurológico moderado melhoraram. Perdeu-se seguimento do paciente com alta em GOS4. Como complicação, ocorreram coleção subdural (2), hidrocefalia (1) e infecção superficial (1). Dos quatro que sobreviveram, dois receberam cranioplastia autóloga e os outros dois, heteróloga. Conclusão: A CD é método eficaz para redução da PIC, mas não é isenta de complicações. Sua aplicação ainda não está bem definida na população pediátrica, carecendo de estudos multicêntricos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: craniectomia descompressiva, pressão intracraniana, traumatismo cranio-encefálico. Decompressive craniectomy in children and adolescents with head injury: analysis of seven casesABSTRACT -Introduction: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a surgical technique used to treat patients with elevated intracranial pressure often found in head injury. Its indication remains a controversial issue in the pediatric population. Objective: To report seven cases managed with this technique. Method: Retrospective study of seven patients, aged from 2 to 17 years, treated with unilateral DC due to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) as a consequence of head injury. All patients had ICP monitored post operatively and the DC classified as ultra-early (<6h), early (6-12h) or late (>24h) according to the time of its application. The minimum follow-up was six months. Results: Patients were evaluated with CT scans and clinical exams, and graded according the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Three patients deceased (GOS1), one was in vegetative state (GOS2), two recovered but still requiring nursing care (GOS3 and 4), and one had a full recovery (GOS5) at hospital discharge. After six months the GOS2 and a GOS3 patients achieved full recovery (GOS5). Subdural collection (2), hydrocephalus (1) and superficial infection (1) occurred as complication. Two patients had autologous cranioplasty and the other two heterologous cranioplasty. Conclusion: Decompressive craniectomy remains a feasible treatment meth...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.