In this research, the potential of chitosan to be used as a coagulant to treat coal wastewater was investigated, in comparison to a conventional coagulant, i.e: Al2(SO4)3 or aluminum sulfate, and Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC). The parameters being studied were turbidity, pH, TDS, and TSS. The result of this research showed that chitosan worked as a more efficient coagulant to treat coal wastewater compared to alum and PAC, in terms of the needed dose of application. The optimum dose of chitosan was 20 mg/L that gave a 100% decrease in turbidity and TSS. On the other hand, a dose of 120 mg/L of alum was needed to have an optimum result, where the turbidity and TSS were decreased up to 100%. When PAC was used as a coagulant, the optimum dose was 120 ppm that reduced turbidity and TSS to 99.50% and 99.58%, respectively. Coagulation by chitosan, alum, and PAC were all influenced by pH, where the optimum pH for all three coagulants was within a range of neutral pH.
Formasi Kalipucang sebagai kelompok batuan karbonatan yang terdiri dari satuan batugamping terumbu dan batugamping klastik berumur Miosen Tengah dijumpai pada daerah penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Urug dan sekitarnya, Kecamatan Jatiwaras, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis fasies serta menentukan lingkungan pengendapan batugamping pada daerah penelitian. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pemetaan geologi yang meliputi pengamatan singkapan, pengukuran, dan pengambilan pemerconto batuan yang selanjutnya akan melalui tahap analisis laboratorium berupa analisis petrografi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pada 8 (delapan) sampel batugamping, maka diperoleh 3 (tiga) fasies yang meliputi wackestone or floatstone which whole fossils, bioclastic packstone or wackstone with worn skeletal grain, dan grainstone or packstone with abundant foram. Mengacu pada model fasies oleh Wilson [16], daerah penelitian terendapkan pada Platform Interior – Open Marine (FZ 7) dan Platform Interior – Restricted (FZ 8).
Sukamoro area, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera, was the research location. This investigation focuses on the origin of sandstones from the Talang Akar Formation. In the area of investigation, sandstones are widely dispersed and exhibit a variety of properties. Due to the abundance of sandstones found and their high resistance and physical compactness, an analysis of the original rock can be carried out. Generally, the material that makes up sandstone comes from the previous rock. This investigation was undertaken using a descriptive-analytical methodology to determine the origin of the rock. The collected surface data is subsequently petrographically examined. After determining the composition of the constituent minerals, a provenance analysis was conducted to determine that the Talang Akar Formation's sandstones originated from the Magmatic Arc. Furthermore, the Talang Akar sandstone reveals the origin of the Recycle Orogen. Thus, it is considered that the sandstones of the Talang Akar Formation have seen many uplift episodes as a result of tectonic activity, almost to the point where they have experienced an increase in the maturity or stability of their continental block provenances
Daerah penelitian secara fisiografi termasuk dalam Zona Pegunungan Selatan Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami karakteristik batuan vulkanik dan proses pembentukannya pada Formasi Jampang, Daerah Bodjong, Kabupaten Ciamis, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini memerlukan observasi lapangan guna mendapatkan data primer dari data yang ditemui pada singkapan yang kemudian dilakukan analisis petrografi dari sampel batuan vulkanik yang didapatkan saat melakukan pemetaan geologi. Terdapat dua metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu analisis petrografi dengan cara mengamati tekstur khusus pada sayatan tipis batuan. Kemudian dengan analisis DEM (Digital Elevation Model) yang bertujuan mengetahui persebaran fasies vulkanik, serta untuk mengetahui pembentukan satuan batuan pada daerah penelitian. Terdapat tiga jenis satuan batuan yang diperoleh oleh aktivitas vulkanik selama periode Tersier di daerah telitian. Satuan batuan tersebut antara lain berupa satuan breksi gunungapi, satuan batuan andesit, dan satuan tuf. Pada satuan breksi gunungapi ditemukan tekstur khusus berupa zoning dan vitrofirik. Selanjutnya pada satuan batuan lava andesit ditemukan tekstur khusus seperti trakitik dan zoning.
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