This paper puts forward an analysis of Spanish denominal parasynthetic verbs based on the assumption that these formations express an event of change (either of state or of location), and that their meaning depends on three elements: the type of noun they incorporate, the directionality encoded by the prefix, and the kind of internal argument they select. In order to carry out such an analysis, two semantic theories of lexical decomposition have been used: Jackendoff’s (1983, 1990) model of Conceptual Semantics and Pustejovsky’s (1995) theory of the Generative Lexicon. The first model allows us to classify the verbs under study from the standpoint of their lexical-conceptual structure, which makes evident the structural parallelisms existing in their meaning. On the other hand, the model developed by Pustejovsky gives us the opportunity to explore some additional aspects related to the compositional meaning of these formations, enabling us to demonstrate the relevance of the internal argument in relation to the (regular and irregular) polysemy of these constructionsThis research has been supported by two projects funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación—FFI2011-29440-CO3-02 (Periferias y cambio lingüístico: descripción, teoría y aplicaciones) and FFI2011-24183 (Portal de léxico hispánico: documentación y morfología derivativa)—, one project granted by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad—FFI2014-56968-C4-4-P (Variación en la interficie morfología-sintaxis)— and by the FPU grant AP2012-1445 from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Our work has also benefited from a grant from the Departament de Filologia i Comunicació at the Universitat de Girona (Ajut a la recerca 2014), as well as from the program Suport als Grups de Recerca (2014 SGR 1013) financed by the Generalitat de Catalunya

Este artículo sostiene que es posible establecer una clasificación de los participios adjetivales más minuciosa que las propuestas hasta la fecha. En concreto, se defiende que, al menos en español, los participios adjetivales pueden dividirse en cuatro clases: (i) los 'resultativos eventivos', que expresan un estado que se asocia a un evento previo sintácticamente presente (por ejemplo, 'Este plato está cocinado a fuego lento por un experto'); (ii) los 'resultativos no eventivos' -una clase inadvertida hasta la fecha-, cuyo significado resultativo no supone la presencia sintáctica de un evento previo (por ejemplo, 'El fenómeno está muy (in)explorado (*a conciencia) por la comunidad científica'); (iii) los 'puramente estativos', que denotan un estado puro, sin implicaciones resultativas ni eventivas (por ejemplo, 'Montse es admirada por todos'); y (iv) los llamados 'adjetivos perfectivos', que conllevan cierto valor resultativo, carecen de eventividad y no legitiman 'sintagmas-por' (por ejemplo, 'El monedero está vacío (*por un ladrón)'). Asimismo, se mantiene que las propiedades sintácticas y semánticas de cada clase dependen de la presencia o ausencia de ciertas proyecciones funcionales en la estructura; a saber: 'Aspecto' (Asp), 'Iniciación' (Inic) y 'Proceso' (Proc).

The most productive way to encode ablative, privative, and reversative meanings in current Catalan and Spanish is by means of des- prefixation. This paper investigates how these related values are obtained both from a structural and from a conceptual perspective. To analyze the structural behaviour of these predicates, a new neo-constructionist model is adopted: Nanosyntax, according to which lexical items are syntactic constructs. As for the conceptual content associated to these verbs, it is accounted for by means of a non-canonical approach to the Generative Lexicon Theory developed by Pustejovsky (1995 ff.).The core proposal is that des- prefixed verbs with an ablative, a privative, or a reversative meaning share the same syntactic structure, and that the different interpretation of each semantic class emerges as a consequence of the interactions generated, at a conceptual level, between the Qualia Structure of the verbal root and that of the internal argument of the verb.

RESUMAquest estudi presenta una anàlisi comparativa de l'evolució semàntica del nom punta i els verbs que se'n deriven en les llengües castellana i catalana: apuntar (cat. /cas.), despuntar (cat. / cas.), espuntar (cat.), traspuntar (cat. / cas.), puntejar (cat.) i puntear (cas.). Es pren com a marc teòric la teoria del Lexicó Generatiu (Pustejovsky 1995), que permet examinar els processos que intervenen en el sorgiment de les diverses accepcions dels mots des d'un punt de vista sub-lèxic i composicional. Partint dels supòsits d'aquesta teoria, es demostra que els canvis i extensions semàntiques experimentades per punta i els seus derivats a nivell històric responen a una sèrie de mecanismes generatius que s'activen en el context d'ús. ABSTRACTThis study presents a comparative analysis of the semantic evolution of the noun punta and its verbal derivatives in both Catalan and Spanish: apuntar (Cat. / Sp.), despuntar (Cat. / Sp.), espuntar (Cat.), traspuntar (Cat. / Sp.), puntejar (Cat.) and puntear (Sp.). The Generative Lexicon framework (Pustejovsky 1995) is adopted, which allows examining the processes that intervene in the emergence of words' new senses from a sub-lexical and compositional standpoint. It is demonstrated that the semantic changes and extensions undergone by punta and its verbal derivatives throughout the history can be accounted for by means of a series of generative devices that operate when these terms are used in context.