Results show that splenectomy attenuates the progression of the obesity modulating pancreas functions in MSG-obese rats.

No abstract

As infecções hospitalares elevam a morbimortalidade e acarretam prejuízos financeiros para as instituições de saúde, sendo que o risco é maior nas unidades de terapia intensiva, devido a fragilidade dos pacientes, uso de antibióticos de largo espectro e procedimentos invasivos frequentes. Nesse contexto, o trato respiratório é o mais acometido e tem como principal fator de risco a ventilação mecânica. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo determinar a prevalência e as características das infecções respiratórias ocorridas em pacientes internados nessas unidades. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, realizado a partir das notificações de infecção hospitalar, de janeiro de 2017 a dezembro de 2019, ocorridas nas unidades de terapia intensiva de um hospital terciário do Paraná. Houve 398 notificações, sendo o trato respiratório responsável por 68,3%. As pneumonias associadas à ventilação mecânica foram as mais prevalentes, apesar de demonstrar um declínio no período estudado. As traqueobronquites, embora menos prevalentes, apresentaram a maior letalidade (31,6%). O Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina foi o microrganismo mais frequente (11%), seguido de Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9,6%). Enquanto isso, o esquema terapêutico mais utilizado para o tratamento dessas infecções foi piperacilina-tazobactam (43%). Este estudo contribuiu com dados epidemiológicos das infecções nosocomiais da instituição pesquisada, possibilitando elencar estratégicas e medidas de prevenção com maior especificidade e direcionamento voltado à realidade local, além de poder ser utilizado para comparação em estudos futuros.

Objective: The aim was to analyze the results of studies about the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus among medical students. Methodology: A literature review was carried out from August to November 2020, being selected 19 articles from the Pubmed and “Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde” databases, using the descriptors “Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus” and “Students, Medical”. Studies from the last 10 years that target medical students and samples collected by nasal swab were included. Results: Several studies have confirmed the hypothesis that, as students advanced in the academic years and, consequently, raised their exposure to hospital environments, colonization by methicillin-sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus increased. However, some studies were divergent, not finding significant values ​​for this association. The prevalences found also varied according to the place and country surveyed. Conclusion: In general, the greater the exposure to hospital environments, the higher the rate of colonization of students by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease with joint manifestations. In the presence of extra-articular manifestations, the morbidity and severity of the disease increases. Glucocorticoid is used as a treatment and may result in side effects related to cardiovascular risk. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 59 volunteers with rheumatoid arthritis receiving treatment at a Hospital of Campos Gerais, that aimed to establish the relation between cardiovascular risk, glucocorticoid treatment and myeloperoxidase in these patients. Subjects were divided into two groups: using (n = 39) and without glucocorticoids (n = 20). They underwent clinical evaluation, physical examination and blood samples were taken. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Logistic regression was performed to assess cardiovascular risk. The significance level was 5% (α = 0.05). Calculations were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science version 21.0. Results: There has been a significant difference between groups in blood glucose values (p = 0.012), that can be explained by the different percentage of diabetic patients in the groups. When assessed cardiovascular risk using the predictors of glucocorticoid dose, time of glucocorticoid use, myeloperoxidase, and C-reactive protein together, these were responsible for significantly predicting cardiovascular risk (p = 0.015). Conclusions: A significant relation between the predictor myeloperoxidase alone was also demonstrated (p = 0.037), may it be an important predictor of cardiovascular risk among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.