Paediatric-specific triage algorithms can be implemented and sustained in resource-limited settings. Significant decreases in admission rates (both overall and for the PICU) and trends towards decreased LOS and mortality rates of critically ill children suggest that ETAT-based triage systems have the potential to greatly improve patient care in Latin America.

Hospital Nacional Pedro Bethancourt experts conducted high-quality trainings with locally relevant CETEP (ETAT) material. Trainings were effective and well received. The pediatric emergency department at HNPB now uses a triage system based on CETEP (ETAT).

Delayed presentation of children with cancer is a significant barrier to improving the survival from children’s cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Botswana, a country of approximately 2 million people in southern Africa, has only 1 pediatric cancer treatment program, based at Princess Marina Hospital (PMH) in the capital of Gaborone. A pediatric cancer recognition training program was developed that reached 50% of the government hospitals in Botswana teaching 362 health care workers how to recognize and refer children with cancer to PMH. Through evaluation of attendees, limitations in pediatric cancer training and general knowledge of pediatric cancer were identified. Attendees demonstrated improvement in their understanding of pediatric cancer and the referral process to PMH following the workshop.

Background and objectives Although 80% of pediatric cancer cases occur in low-and middle-income countries, specialists in the field of pediatric hematology and oncology (PHO) are scarce, which is a major reason for the dismal survival rates of children with cancer and blood disorders in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) compared with that in high-income countries (HICs). Traditional models of specialty training for SSA physicians (eg, those with a residency or fellowship in HICs) inevitably result in brain drain from SSA. Moreover, the content and context of training in HICs are often irrelevant to SSA settings. Objectives 1. Establish the first comprehensive PHO fellowship program for East Africa. 2. Improve morbidity and mortality for children with blood disorders and cancer in SSA.