Objective: This study evaluated the effect of ethanol extract of Aju Mbaise (EEAM) on sperm morphology, semen quality, sex hormonal levels, gonadosomatic index and testicular histology of Avodart-induced rats. Material and Methods:The study had normal control, Avodart control, EEAM control, Avodart+500mg/kg EEAM, and Avodart +1000mg/kg EEAM groups. The rats were orally administered 0.5 mg/kg Avodart and 1 hour later treated with EEAM for 28 consecutive days. The Avodart control had milky white semen with low Ph, volume and semen consistency compared to the normal control and EEAM treated rats with creamy white semen with higher pH and semen consistency, respectively. Results:The results indicated a substantial decline in spermatozoa mass motility; spermatozoa live proportion, spermatozoa concentrations, normal spermatozoa proportions, animal live weight, paired testes weight and relative testicular weight in the

This study evaluated the effects of a combined ethanol extract of and Hypselodelphys poggeana and Spermacoce radiata leaves (CESHL) on sex hormone levels and prostate weights of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) induced rats. The combined extract was prepared from the plants and was subjected to acute toxicity (LD50) evaluation in rats. The study adopted five groups of rats (n = 6) with group 1 being the normal control without BPH induction, group 2 was the BPH control, group 3 was the finasteride control, and groups 4 and 5 were BPH induced rats treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg CESHL/day for 28 days. Induction of prostate hyperplasia in rats belonging to groups 2-5 was done via daily subcutaneous administration of testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days in accordance with standard protocols. The result obtained in the acute toxicity evaluation indicated an LD50 value of above 5000 mg/kg body weight. In the main study, a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, prostate weight, prostate index and reduced serum estradiol was observed in the BPH control when compared with the normal control. Treatment of BPH induced rats (groups 4 and 5) with CESHL significantly reduced serum concentrations of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, and also elevated serum estradiol concentration when compared with the BPH control, comparing favourably with the values of these hormones in the finasteride-treated group. The BPH induced rats treated with CESHL also had significantly reduced prostate weight and prostate index relative to the BPH control and higher percentage inhibition of prostate weight and prostate index when compared with the finasteride control. Our findings show that CESHL may ameliorate benign prostate hyperplasia via mechanisms that lower serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels and increase estradiol levels.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of lemongrass on body lung histology of treated wistar rats. Freshly harvested leaves of lemongrass were dried at room temperature and afterwards ground into fine powder. 250 g of powdered plant sample was suspended in 1000 mL of 95% ethanol for 72 hours and agitated thrice daily. The resulting extract was concentrated. Twenty adult male wistar rats were divided into four groups of five rats. Group I was the Normal Control, Group II was administered with 100 mg/kg b.w of ethanolic extract of lemongrass, Group III was administered with 300 mg/kg b.w of ethanolic extract of lemongrass, and Group IV was administered with 600 mg/kg b.w of ethanolic extract of lemongrass. Treatment lasted for 14 days after which subsequently sacrificed. The lungs were harvested for histological examination which was carried out using standard procedures. Oral administration of ethanolic leaf extract of lemongrass significantly (P<0.05) decreased body weight of treated rats compared to their untreated counterpart. The histopathological report showed a mild to moderate congestion of blood vessels and inflammatory cells around the bronchioles in the treated groups when compared to control. In conclusion, it can be deduced from this study that extract of lemongrass has the capacity to inflict harm to the lungs at high doses.

This study evaluated the effects of a combined ethanol extract of and Hypselodelphys poggeana and Spermacoce radiata leaves (CESHL) on sex hormone levels and prostate weights of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) induced rats. The combined extract was prepared from the plants and was subjected to acute toxicity (LD50) evaluation in rats. The study adopted five groups of rats (n = 6) with group 1 being the normal control without BPH induction, group 2 was the BPH control, group 3 was the finasteride control, and groups 4 and 5 were BPH induced rats treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg CESHL/day for 28 days. Induction of prostate hyperplasia in rats belonging to groups 2-5 was done via daily subcutaneous administration of testosterone propionate (5 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days in accordance with standard protocols. The result obtained in the acute toxicity evaluation indicated an LD50 value of above 5000 mg/kg body weight. In the main study, a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, prostate weight, prostate index and reduced serum estradiol was observed in the BPH control when compared with the normal control. Treatment of BPH induced rats (groups 4 and 5) with CESHL significantly reduced serum concentrations of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, and also elevated serum estradiol concentration when compared with the BPH control, comparing favourably with the values of these hormones in the finasteride-treated group. The BPH induced rats treated with CESHL also had significantly reduced prostate weight and prostate index relative to the BPH control and higher percentage inhibition of prostate weight and prostate index when compared with the finasteride control. Our findings show that CESHL may ameliorate benign prostate hyperplasia via mechanisms that lower serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels and increase estradiol levels.