Women's rights to property and inheritance are safeguarded through various human rights policies and laws at international, regional, and country levels. However, many women continue to experience discrimination while claiming these rights. In Africa, older women, in particular, experience obstacles as they attempt to secure inheritance and property rights. These older African women, who are already more likely to be among the most vulnerable and disadvantaged, have little recourse when denied access to property or inheritance. In Kenya, there are various legislated policies and guidelines regarding property ownership and inheritance. Despite these policies, cultural, structural, and even judicial impediments continue to disenfranchise women. This article highlights the historical and cultural context of property and inheritance rights for older women in Africa and Kenya and the evolution of policy responses to these impediments.

Early Childhood Development (ECD) centres comprise one of the immediate social and physical environments influencing children 's development, that Bronfenbrenner (1986's development, that Bronfenbrenner ( , 1989

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The security of human beings is threatened by the extent to which water availability, utilization and management affects livelihoods, health and the fulfillment of basic needs of women and men. Women and men as the users of water resources need to be involved in the management of water resource. This can effectively be done with proper strategies to mainstream gender in all the management undertaking at the community level. This study sought to investigate on the participation of men and women and strategies to enhance gender mainstreaming in the management of water resources at the Bridge Water Project which had drilled 123 boreholes for use in households, learning and religious institutions in Kakamega County. The research was a case study guided by the Gender Planning Framework (GPF), developed by Caroline Moser in 1980 . 10% samples of 13 out of the 123 committees that manage the boreholes were randomly selected as respondents to the study. They include 5 household committees, 6 learning and 2 committees from religious institutions. Key informants were heads of selected institutions and the chief of the location where the study was undertaken. The instruments used to collect data were Questionnaires, Focused Group Discussion, Interview Schedule and Observation. Data collected was cross-tabulated for qualitative analysis. The study established that women were discriminated against in terms of participation in management committees despite the fact that they were the main water users. On the basis of strategies, the study identified training and awareness creation on the need for gender equity, dissemination of the affirmative action policy, empowerment and mobilization of women to seek management positions and engagement of a gender expert to guide gender mainstreaming in the management of the project as strategies to enhance gender mainstreaming in the management of the Bridge Water Supply Project.

Violence against Women (VAW) is global problem that has adverse effects on women"s health and wellbeing, undermining their overall quality of life. Historically, women globally have been known to fight VAW while men have been defined as part of the problem. Nonetheless, studies underscore a growing awareness and appreciation that men in partnership with women can play a significant role in ending Violence against Women (VAW). Consequently, within the last two decades, there has been a steady increase in programmes within organizations that involve men in the prevention of VAW both in Kenya and around the world. These programmes are men-led, women-led or initiated and spearheaded by both men and women working in partnership. In many societies globally, men are known to enjoy patriarchal dividends out of which stems VAW. However, some men have chosen to overlook these privileges in order to support efforts to end VAW notwithstanding the reprisals and backlash that comes with it. This study therefore sought to explore the factors that underpin men"s involvement in VAW prevention efforts within organizations in Nairobi City County of Kenya. Research findings indicated that the reasons for men"s involvement in VAW prevention were as diverse as the programmes that they were involved in. The study also noted that given a chance, men were capable of joining in and supporting efforts to prevent VAW. However, their involvement depended on whether the topics or conversations about VAW prevention resonated and connected with their emotions. Understanding these reasons was necessary for the effective involvement of men in VAW prevention programmes. The study recommends an all stakeholder synergy across the different ecological levels of society in order to leverage on the economies of scale and share best practices for engaging men. Keywords:Men"s involvement, Gender-based Violence, Violence against Women, Prevention.Globally, many men"s VAW prevention programmes are guided by the pro-feminist approach (Carlson, Casey, Edleson, Tolman, Neugut, and Kimball, 2013) informed by the principles of gender equality and social justice. The pro-feminist approach implies being critical of the negative aspects of men"s behaviour, constructions of masculinity and gender relations that harm women.