No abstract

OBJECTIVE To understand the meanings that male university students assign to the condition of users of alcohol and other drugs. METHOD An exploratory study using a qualitative approach, with inductive analysis of the content of semi-structured interviews applied to 20 male university students from a public university in the southeast region of Brazil, grounded on the theoretical-methodological referential of interpretive anthropology and ethnographic method. RESULTS Data were construed using content inductive analysis for two topics: use of alcohol and/or drugs as an outlet; and use of alcohol and/or other drugs: an alternative for belonging and identity. CONCLUSION Male university students share the rules of their sociocultural environment that values the use of alcohol and/or other drugs as a way of dealing with the demands and stress ensuing from the everyday university life, and to build identity and belong to this social context, reinforcing the influence of culture.

Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre el impacto del dolor crónico en la vida de las personas y en los cuidados de enfermería en el proceso.Metodología: Ensayo reflexivo, el cual se fundamentó en una revisión teórica. El estudio se realizó entre los meses de mayo de 2015 a julio de 2016. Los datos se analizaron y luego se organizaron en los siguientes ejes temáticos: El impacto del dolor crónico sobre la calidad de vida de las personas, El dolor como quinta señal vital: la importancia de su evaluación y Cuidados de enfermería a los pacientes con dolor crónico.Resultados: El dolor impacta de varias formas en la vida de las personas y, cuando este síntoma se vuelve crónico, repercute más intensamente en la calidad de vida. Por lo tanto, se hace indispensable realizar una evaluación completa, holística y multiprofesional de la persona que padece algún dolor, de manera que el enfermero, al establecer el proceso de enfermería, desempeñe un papel fundamental en el reconocimiento y control de esta condición con la implementación de diagnósticos precisos y de intervenciones efectivas.Conclusión: El dolor crónico requiere de una atención especial por parte del enfermero para que la evaluación y el tratamiento sean lo más completos posible, con el fin de minimizar el impacto negativo del dolor sobre la vida de las personas.

RESUMOObjetivo: analisar a atuação de enfermeiros na segurança do paciente em instituição hospitalar. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado com 42 enfermeiros de uma instituição hospitalar. Os dados foram reunidos a partir de entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à técnica da hermenêutica dialética identificando as categorias “Qualidade - base para uma práxis segura”; “Segurança do paciente” e “Os caminhos para a humanização da assistência e atuação do enfermeiro no ambiente hospitalar”. Resultados: verificou-se que a utilização de estratégias, como a comunicação, a educação permanente e a participação do acompanhante, foi essencial para o fortalecimento da segurança do paciente na instituição. Já a superlotação e a sobrecarga de trabalho foram apresentadas como prejudiciais à sua atuação. Conclusão: a atuação do enfermeiro está pautada nas legislações e no exercício da gerência e da assistência contribuindo para a melhoria da assistência, da qualidade e para o avanço do conhecimento científico. Descritores: Enfermeiros; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Segurança do Paciente; Gestão da Qualidade; Humanização da Assistência; Hospitais.ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the performance of nurses in patient safety in a hospital. Method: qualitative, descriptive study with 42 nurses from a hospital. The data was collected from a semi - structured interview and submitted to the dialectical hermeneutics technique, identifying these categories "Quality - basis for a safe praxis"; "Patient safety" and "Pathways to the humanization of nursing care and performance in the hospital environment". Results: It was verified that the use of strategies, such as communication, permanent education and the participation of the companion, was essential for the strengthening of patient safety in the institution. Yet, the overcrowding and the work overload were presented as detrimental to their performance. Conclusion: the nurses' performance is based on the legislations and the exercise of management and the assistance contributing to the improvement of care, quality and for the advancement of scientific knowledge. Descritores: Nurses; Nursing Care; Patient Safety; Quality Management; Humanization of Assistance; Hospitals. RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la actuación de enfermeros en la seguridad del paciente en institución hospitalaria. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, realizado con 42 enfermeros de una institución hospitalaria. Los datos fueron reunidos a partir de la entrevista semiestructurada y sometidos a la técnica de la hermenéutica dialéctica, identificando las categorías: “Calidad: base para una praxis segura”; “Seguridad del paciente” y “Los caminos para la humanización de la asistencia y actuación del enfermero en el ambiente hospitalario”. Resultados: se verificó que la utilización de estrategias, como la comunicación, la educación permanente y la participación del acompañante, fue esencial para el fortalecimiento de la seguridad del paciente en la institución. Ya la superpoblación y la sobrecarga de trabajo fueron presentadas como perjudiciales para su actuación. Conclusión: la actuación del enfermero está pautada en las legislaciones y en el ejercicio de la gerencia y de la asistencia, contribuyendo para mejorar la asistencia, la calidad y el avance del conocimiento científico.Descritores: Enfermeros; Atención de Enfermería; Seguridad del Paciente; Gestión de la Calidad; Humanización de la Atención; Hospitales.

This study had as objective to interpret the meanings that the men inserted in the popular class they attribute to the condition of they be bearers of intestinal stoma for cancer colorectal, with base in the partner-anthropological presuppositions of manliness. For such understanding were used the Clifford Geertz and Arthur Kleinman's theoretical references of interpretative anthropology and the method ethnographic. Sixteen men participated in the study bearers of temporary and/or definitive intestinal stoma for cancer colorectal, residents from Ribeirão Preto and region. The collection of data happened in the period of june to december of 2007 in the Clinic of Proctology of the Hospital of the Clinics of University of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto and in the informers' residences. The ethical subjects were respected and the informers signed a Term of Free Consent and Illustrious to participate in the study. It took place interviews semi-structured recorded, participant observations and annotations in a field diary. The analysis of the data supported in the presuppositions of the partner-anthropology of manliness of Connell and other authors. It was identified the codes that pointed the sense of the experience for the informers and that, later, they served as guide for the units of senses and the construction of the meanings. Of the analysis two nuclei of meanings appeared: "The discovery of the disease and of the need of the treatment: the life in game"; "To be man with intestinal stoma: adjusting the life with resignation to his new manliness". In the first theme, it was possible to apprehend that the symptoms of the cancer colorectal appear gradually, they integrate into the daily of the men and his gravity is noticed when the disease is already advanced. Influenced by patterns partner-cultural hegemonic of the manliness, the men delay in seeking professional resources. The precariousness of the services of health and the difficulty for the definition of the diagnosis take them to go and come to the clinics and exams. The diagnosis of cancer, the chemotherapy, the radiotherapy and the surgery of mutilation that results in the construction of the intestinal stoma, they break their life projects. The second theme approaches the initial difficulties in the postoperative, the alterations of the corporal image, the stoma, the bag collect, the diet, the sexuality and the social ties. These difficulties were interpreted as dimensions of manliness of subordination, marginalization and complicity. Influenced by patterns of manliness, the men don't surrender, they struggle for the survival and for the maintenance of their social roles, stipulated by the vision hegemonic of the manliness. To survive to CCR demands an adjustment to the new condition, to the new man identity; it requests a resignation with the situation to redefinition of living. In that sense, we apprehended the influence of the dimensions of the manliness in the several moments of challenge to the adjustment to the cancer, in having a stoma and in the conse...