This article investigates the determinants of orgasm and sexual enjoyment in hookup and relationship sex among heterosexual college women and seeks to explain why relationship sex is better for women in terms of orgasm and sexual enjoyment. We use data from women respondents to a large online survey of undergraduates at 21 U.S. colleges and universities and from 85 in-depth interviews at two universities. We identify four general views of the sources of orgasm and sexual enjoyment-technically competent genital stimulation, partnerspecific learning, commitment, and gender equality. We find that women have orgasms more often in relationships than in hookups. Regression analyses reveal that specific sexual practices, experience with a particular partner, and commitment all predict women's orgasm and sexual enjoyment. The presence of more sexual practices conducive to women's orgasm in relationship sex explains some of why orgasm is more common in relationships. Qualitative analysis suggests a double standard also contributes to why relationship sex is better for women: both men and women question women's (but not men's) entitlement to pleasure in hookups but believe strongly in women's (as well as men's) entitlement to pleasure in relationships. More attention is thus given to producing female orgasm in relationships.
Women’s participation in slut shaming is often viewed as internalized oppression: they apply disadvantageous sexual double standards established by men. This perspective grants women little agency and neglects their simultaneous location in other social structures. In this article we synthesize insights from social psychology, gender, and culture to argue that undergraduate women use slut stigma to draw boundaries around status groups linked to social class—while also regulating sexual behavior and gender performance. High-status women employ slut discourse to assert class advantage, defining themselves as classy rather than trashy, while low-status women express class resentment—deriding rich, bitchy sluts for their exclusivity. Slut discourse enables, rather than constrains, sexual experimentation for the high-status women whose definitions prevail in the dominant social scene. This is a form of sexual privilege. In contrast, low-status women risk public shaming when they attempt to enter dominant social worlds.
Burn injury can be debilitating and affect survivors' quality of life in a profound fashion. Burn injury may also lead to serious psychosocial challenges that have not been adequately studied and addressed. Specifically, there has been limited research into the associations of burn injury on community reintegration based on gender. This work analyzed data from 601 burn survivors who completed field testing of a new measure of social participation for burn survivors, the Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (LIBRE) Profile. Differences in item responses between men and women were examined. Scores on the six LIBRE Profile scales were then compared between men and women using analysis of variance and adjusted linear multivariate regression modeling. Overall, men scored significantly better than women on four of the six LIBRE Profile scales: Sexual Relationships, Social Interactions, Work & Employment, and Romantic Relationships. Differences were not substantially reduced after adjustment for demographic characteristics and burn size. Men scored better than women in most of the areas measured by the LIBRE Profile. These gender differences are potentially important for managing burn patients during the post-injury recovery period.
Using data from a 12-year longitudinal qualitative interview study of 45 white women at a public flagship university in the American Midwest, the authors compare the class position of interviewees' parents in 2004 to the women's own adult class position at age 30. They find that white women's social class was relatively sticky: downwardly mobile white women from privileged families did not fall far, while upwardly mobile white women from less privileged families did not reach the top of the class structure. The authors develop the concept of "class projects," or multigenerational approaches to obtaining desired and imaginable economic circumstances, to explain patterns of intergenerational mobility in their data. They document three distinct class projects-gender complementarity, professional partnership, and self-reliance. Women experienced better outcomes when their project fit family resources and motivations as well as the larger socioeconomic context. In addition, not all successfully executed projects led to the same level of economic security.
The synthesis and characterization of three new complexes, BiCl 3 (mipit) 2 , BiCl 3 (emit) 2 and BiCl 3 (mnpit) 2 are reported where emit ¼ 1-ethyl-3-methyl-2(3H)-imidazolethione; mnpit ¼ 1-methyl-3-(1-propyl)-2(3H)-imidazolethione;mipit ¼ 1-methyl-3-(2-propyl)-2(3H)-imidazolethione. X-ray crystallographic results are reported for the mnpit and mipit complexes whereas the structure of the emit complex is under reinvestigation because of disorder. BiCl 3 (mnpit) 2 crystallizes in a triclinic space group (P1) with lattice parameters: a ¼ 9.4223(6) Å , b ¼ 10.6275(6) Å , c ¼ 12.8860(8) Å , a ¼ 108.329(1)8, b ¼ 90.388(1)8, g ¼ 115.200(1)8, V ¼ 1093(1) Å 3 , Z ¼ 2. BiCl 3 (mipit) 2 crystallizes in a triclinic space group (P1) with lattice parameters: a ¼ 10.4347(8) Å , b ¼ 11.0018(9) Å , c ¼ 11.2075(9) Å , a ¼ 95.827(1)8, b ¼ 104.890(1)8, g ¼ 117.064(1)8, V ¼ 1071(1) Å 3 , Z ¼ 2. Both complexes show the same pattern with two BiL 2 Cl 4 (L ¼ ligand) octahedra sharing a common edge through bridging chlorine atoms and the ligands occupying trans positions perpendicular to the plane made by the two bismuth atoms and six chlorine atoms. No strong evidence for a hemidirected lone pair is observed in either of the two complexes.
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