El objetivo del estudio fue validar una escala para medir la culpa en la relación de pareja. El estudio se llevó a cabo en dos etapas: primero, se realizó un análisis exploratorio mediante redes semánticas, con 200 participantes, se obtuvieron indicadores y categorías asociados a la culpa. En base a estos resultados se realizó una escala tipo Likert y en la segunda fase, se obtuvo la validez de constructo con una muestra de 850 participantes de la Ciudad de México. La escala de culpa en la relación de pareja quedó integrada por un total de 72 reactivos, distribuidos en cinco subescalas (significado, causas, consecuencias, revaloración y efectos de la culpa), con un alpha de Cronbach global de .929 y una varianza explicada de 63.13. La estructura factorial se comprobó a partir de ecuaciones estructurales, se obtuvieron índices de bondad de ajuste adecuados, por lo que se puede concluir que es un instrumento válido.

El objetivo consistió en analizar los estilos de amor que predicen la culpa en hombres y mujeres en una relación de pareja. Se obtuvo una muestra no probabilística intencional con un rango de edad de 21 a 55 años, 271 hombres (m=39.6 de= 9.3) y 283 mujeres (m=38.9 de=9.2). Se aplicó la Escala de Estilos de Amor (Ojeda-García, 1998) y el Inventario Multidimensional de Culpa en la Relación de Pareja (Álvarez Ramírez, García Méndez & Rivera Aragón, 2014). En los hombres, estilos negativos como Manía y Ludus incrementan la ansiedad, el remordimiento, el chantaje/manipulación y la compensación; el amor amistoso disminuye la ansiedad y el chantaje, mientras que el amor erótico es el que mejor predice la reparación del daño. Por su parte, en las mujeres el amor amistoso es el mejor predictor de la reparación del daño y atenúa lo negativo; Pragma, Ágape y Eros favorecen la experiencia de culpa, la manía y el chantaje.

Introduction:The birth of a high risk child leads to a disruption of psychic processes in the couple due to the morbidity of the neonate, the hospital environment, and an initial long separation from a child with a risk of death, anomalies or sequels. This acquires a traumatic nature, and has persistent emotional effects and symptoms on the couple. After hospital discharge, stress in relation to the child's health slightly decreases and stress related to parenting and daily chores increases. In a couple's relationship, it is common to find insecurity caused by experiences during the perinatal period, as well as all the challenges that must be faced. This activates psychological resources allowing for couple negotiations, understood as communication processes that take place in different settings: the division of domestic chores, parenting, sexuality, control of money and materials, time, personal space and the equilibrium of the couple with other social and affectionate relationships, as well as opportunities for dialogue, mechanisms to establish rules, relationship conditions and difficulties generated by these processes. The above highlights the importance of creating instruments to understand the experience of the couple under these circumstances.Objective: To create and validate an instrument to measure the couple facing a high risk birth and upbringing in Mexico. Materials and Methods:The sample consisted of 372 participants living as a couple, with children with a high risk birth, who attended the Pediatric Follow-up at the National Institute of Perinatology (INPer), with an age µ= 34.46 (SD = 7.87). In an exploratory study using focus groups, the most frequent indicators found were expressed as Likert 5-point statements. Ethical concerns for the investigation with human subjects were considered. The method used for psychometric analysis was the one suggested by Reyes-Lagunes and Garcia- Barragan (2008). For validation, the exploratory factor analysis with orthogonal rotation (Varimax) was used. Results:The scale presents Bartlett's test of sphericity of 4924.824 and a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) sample fitness index with a value of 0.941, indicating a satisfactory factor analysis. As a result of the 7 interactions of the factor analysis, 3 groups of factors were assembled: Positive affection towards the partner, asynchrony and negative communication towards agreements and synchrony and positive communication towards agreements; these explain 51.15% of the total variance and a global Cronbach's alfa of 0.808. Correlations between factors were low to moderate and significant, proving the adequate construct validity of the scale. Conclusion:The design and validation of this instrument allows the observation of the phenomenon, understanding the experience of couples with children with a high risk birth and their upbringing from a familiar and social perspective according to the characteristics of the instrument. This scale will be useful for future investigations.

No abstract

No abstract