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Diagenesis and metamorphism______________________________________ 18 Geologic setting _______________________________________________________________________ _ Chemical composition of sandstones_____________________________________ 20 Distribution and paleogeography _________________________________ _ Statistical methods___________________________________________________________ 20 Stratigraphic relations __________________________________________________ _ Means_________________________________________________________________________________ 20 Sampling plan __________________________________________________________________________ _ Geochemical relations______________________________________________________ 25 Methods of analysis ________________________________________________________________ _ 12 Analysis of variance________________________________________________ 25 Direct-reader spectrometric analyses, by Raymond

Total resources for purposes of these appraisal estimates include currently minable resources (reserves) as well as those resources not yet discovered or not currently profitable to mine. The mining of mineral deposits, once discovered, depends on geologic, economic, and technologic factors; however, identification of many deposits yet to be discovered, owing to incomplete knowledge of their distribution in the Earth's crust, depends greatly on geologic availability and man's ingenuity. Consequently, appraisal of mineral resources results in approximations, subject to constant change as known deposits are depleted, new deposits are found, new extractive technology and uses are developed, and new geologic knowledge and theories indicate new areas favorable for exploration. This Professional Paper discusses aspects of the geology of copper as a framework for appraising resources of this commodity in the light of today's technology, economics, and geologic knowledge. Other Geological Survey publications relating to the appraisal of resources of specific mineral commodities include the following:

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