Propolis is a natural antimicrobial that can be used as a bioadditive in coatings to control fruit quality losses. The effect of two coatings was evaluated, a control (chitosan, 1%) and a treatment (chitosan, 1%; containing propolisethanolic extract, 5%), on the microbiological and physicochemical properties of papaya fruits. The chemical profile of the propolis revealed the presence of fatty acids and their esters, carbohydrates, diterpenic acids, and pentacyclic triterpenes. The fruits covered with the treatment demonstrated a reduced deterioration index and infection diameter of the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, as compared to the control papayas, postponing the appearance of damage by two days. Additionally, the treatment did not significantly affect the physicochemical properties of the papaya, as compared to the control. In conclusion, the coating formulated with propolis exhibited an in situ fungicidal and bactericidal effect without altering the physiological changes of the papaya fruit during storage.
Se presenta una lista de 134 especies de musgos de la isla de Chiloé, distribuidas en 66 géneros y 35 familias. Esta se basa en colecciones existentes en el Museo Nacional de Historia Natural (SGO), además de muestreos de los autores en los sectores de Ahuenco, Cordillera de Piuchué y comuna de Queilen, además de las referencias de musgos chilotes proporcionadas por la literatura. Se considera la riqueza de especies y géneros, hábitat, sociología, distribución en Chile, localidades y colectores. Se informa acerca de 16 especies, las cuales no habían sido citadas para la Isla Grande de Chiloé, además de 8 especies raras en Chile y con presencia restringida solamente a la Isla. Se analiza la distribución de elementos fitogeográficos, de acuerdo a los patrones de distribución de las especies y de los géneros. Se discuten las relaciones Gondwánicas de los linajes ampliamente disyuntos en las regiones continentales del Hemisferio sur.
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