pdf?acceptTC =true Article Details The study authors were concerned with the lack of natural and environmental access and experiences among children: o School settings are increasingly seen as locations in which improvement of nutrition, education, interactions with nature, and life-skills development can be carried out, especially through the use of school gardens. o Additionally, the authors state that-As far back as the early 1900s, school gardens were implemented to nurture children's natural instincts, provide an antidote to low-income urban living conditions…‖ suggesting the benefits of school gardens in areas in which children do not have access to-nature‖ (i.e. because of urban and low-income specific settings) (pg. 129). California has made efforts in advocating for gardens in every school due to their widespread positive impacts (academic, social, behavioral, etc.), although many schools in California have still yet to see these gardens: o-In 2002, only 41 percent of the approximately 5,800 elementary schools in California had an established school garden according to a government survey‖ (pg. 130). o The inability to create or maintain school gardens often revolves around issues of funding, expertise, and support, which is why higher-income neighborhoods frequently see more school gardens than their lower-income counterparts (i.e. they often have more funding and parent/volunteer support and involvement) (pg. 130). Further, higher obesity rates and lower academic achievements are seen among these lower-income childrengardens, as seen in previous literature reviews, can help address and attempt to mitigate these issues. Additionally, immigrants and ethnic minorities experience-food desert‖ situations in which they have high concentrations of fast food/convenience stores rather than access to healthy food in comparison to the rest of the population. Program Outcomes Surveys and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used in this study to see the links between school gardens (in elementary schools) and neighborhoods based on socioeconomic and ethnic composition in Santa Clara County (SCC), California, which has great economic and ethnic diversity, which-represents an excellent place to study questions of access disparity‖ (pg. 131). o Surveyed a representative sample of the school's population to assess the relationship between disadvantaged/lower socioeconomic neighborhoods,-economic, racial, and academic performance indicators‖ and the presence of school gardens.
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