Alimentação complementar e características maternas de crianças menores de dois anos de idade em Florianópolis (SC)Complementary feeding and maternal characteristics of children younger than two years old in Florianópolis,

Among the causes of obesity, environmental factors have also been studied, in addition to genetic, social, psychological, and hormonal factors. The distribution of food outlets, facilitating or hindering food acquisition, can promote body weight control by encouraging healthier food habits. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between environmental availability and utilization of food outlets and overweight/obesity in 7 to 14-year-old schoolchildren in Florianópolis, in the South of Brazil. A logistic regression analysis identified a positive association between overweight/obesity in 2195 schoolchildren and the presence of restaurants in the vicinity of their homes (buffer = 400 meters). Being a member of a family that utilizes public markets/greengrocers was also positively associated with overweight/obesity in the sample investigated. Identifying the distribution of these establishments in the vicinity of the homes of schoolchildren in middle-income countries is an important element in understanding the role played by the food environment in weight gain in a variety of different settings.

O estudo descreve os pontos de venda de alimentos e sua associação com sobrepeso/obesidade em escolares de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Desenho transversal com amostra probabilística de 2.506 escolares de escolas públicas (n = 19) e privadas (n = 11). O sobrepeso/obesidade foi classificado pela referência da Organização Mundial da Saúde de 2007. Foram realizadas análises brutas e ajustadas por meio de regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade foi de 34,2%. Na rede pública, foram verificados 19,6% de sobrepeso e 13,5% de obesidade. Na rede privada, observaram-se 22,4% de sobrepeso e 11,1% de obesidade. Na rede pública, foi encontrada associação entre sobrepeso/obesidade e utilização da padaria (p = 0,004). Na rede privada, observou-se que os escolares de famílias que utilizaram o supermercado apresentaram 26% menos de sobrepeso/obesidade do que os escolares que não utilizam esses pontos de venda de alimentos (p = 0,003). Os dados encontrados evidenciam a existência de associação entre a utilização de alguns tipos de pontos de venda de alimentos (supermercado e padaria) e a prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade na população escolar.

Living closer to parks/playgrounds was associated with lower BMI and WC among schoolchildren from low-income families. Living closer to football pitches was associated with higher BMI and WC among these schoolchildren. Living at intermediate distances from beaches was associated with lower BMI among these schoolchildren.

ObjectiveTo perform a narrative literature review to describe the availability of food retailers (groceries and eateries) and their association with obesity in schoolchildren and adolescents. MethodsThe review included studies published from 2003 to 2013 listed in three databases with data on the child's school and/or home surroundings. ResultsThere was a higher concentration of fast foods near the schools, especially high schools, public schools, or schools located in low-income regions. Moreover, children and adolescents living in areas further from convenience stores had better diets. ConclusionAcknowledging the relationship between built environment and obesity by establishing scientific evidence is necessary for developing specific strategies that help to control the spread of obesity in this age group, aiming to construct healthier spaces.