Background Effective self-management of type 2 diabetes requires receiving support, which can result from disclosing the diagnosis to a support network, including coworkers, family, and friends. As a primarily invisible disease, diabetes allows people to choose whether to disclose. This study qualitatively explores the factors that influence a person’s decision to disclose diabetes to others. Methods Research coordinators recruited 22 interview participants, ranging in age from 32 to 64 years, whose medical records included a diagnosis code for type 2 diabetes. Participants received care from one of two U.S. medical centers. Semi-structured interviews lasted approximately1 hour and were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. Verification strategies such as memo-keeping and maintaining methodological coherence/congruence were used throughout analysis to promote rigor. Results In patients’ descriptions of their decision-making processes regarding whether to disclose their diagnosis, six themes emerged. Three motivations prompted open disclosure: 1) to seek information, 2) to seek social support, and 3) to end the succession of diabetes, and the other three motivations prompted guarded disclosure: 4) to prepare for an emergency, 5) to maintain an image of health, and 6) to protect employment. Conclusion Based on our findings, we recommend three communicative actions for clinicians as they talk to patients about a diabetes diagnosis. First, clinicians should talk about the benefits of disclosure. Second, they should directly address stereotypes in an effort to de-stigmatize diabetes. Finally, clinicians can teach the skills of disclosure. As disclosure efficacy increases, a person’s likelihood to disclose also increases. Individuals can use communication as a tool to gain the knowledge and support they need for diabetes self-management and to interrupt the continuing multigenerational development of diabetes within their family.

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This article examines two household guides produced by and for settler housewives in colonial Kenya. The article argues that these texts were part of a larger discursive project which emphasised the necessity of maintaining social and affective distance between white women and the African men who worked as domestic servants in colonial homes. Importantly, this distance was viewed as necessary to maintaining the sexual wellbeing of the colony, since both officials and settlers suggested that white women were to blame for cases of interracial rape in the colony. This discourse held that white women inculcated sexual desires in their servants by behaving towards them with excessive intimacy. This article focuses especially on 'KiSetla', the dialect of KiSwahili used in Kenyan settler homes. As a language native neither to mistress nor servant, KiSetla was predestined to produce daily confusion between white women and their African male employees. Yet, this was precisely the point -the production of quotidian hostilities helped diffuse anxieties about cross-racial and gendered contact. This article positions household guides as disciplinary texts which sought to manage the intimacies of the colonial home through scripting affective distance between white mistresses and African servants.The Kenya Settlers' Cookery Book and Household Guide was first published in the late 1920's 'in the hope', as its preface states, 'that it would assist newcomers to East Africa'. 1 The text had all the standard trappings of a British cookbook -with some 'exotic' flair. Readers could find a tried-and-true recipe for plum pudding, but they could also find a list of suggested goods to pack for a successful safari. Colonial cookbooks like this one produced a particular vision of colonial womanhood, one which emphasised the domestic sphere and the housewife's role as mistress of all she surveyed. In Kenyan settler homes, this domain extended to the management of a full household of domestic servants, almost always male and almost always African. Nestled among ads for 'Quinacine' flu cure and tips for saving rancid butter, Kenyan household guides offer a wealth of data on how housewives were instructed to comport themselves in the racially charged spaces of the colonial home.This article focuses on two colonial Kenyan household guides -The Kenya