<p> </p><p>Climate change increasingly affects all parts of society. Different economic sectors such as the agricultural sector have to adapt to climate change. More and more climate services are being developed in order to support this adaptation to climate change with accurate and suitable products. Good practises for the design of climate services include transdisciplinary approaches and co-creation of climate service products. The development of usable and useful climate service products and effective adaptation measures requires constant interactions between climate service providers and users of the products. To assess the effectiveness of these co-creation endeavours, continuous evaluation is crucial. At present, output and outcome assessments are conducted occasionally in this research field. However, these <em>summative</em> evaluations that are preformed ex-post do not help to adjust the ongoing process of co-creation. Therefore, the focus of the presented work is on <em>formative</em> evaluation of the co-creative development of science-based climate service products. A <em>formative</em> evaluation is done during the run-time of a project with the intention to reflect and readjust it. For this purpose, we analysed in detail the process of co-creation of climate service products in the knowledge transfer project ADAPTER (ADAPT tERrestrial systems, https://adapter-projekt.org/) and combine this analysis with a systematic literature review. In ADAPTER, simulation-based climate service products are developed together with key partners and practitioners from the agricultural sector, with the aim of supporting decision making in the context of climate change adaptation.</p><p>As a first step, main characteristics of the product development process were identified empirically and six sub-processes of product development were determined. Secondly , questions for a <em>formative</em> evaluation were assigned to the different steps and sub-processes. Thirdly, a literature review including fields other than climate services delivered additional qualitative aspects. As a result, a scheme of quality criteria and related assessment questions for the different sub-processes in climate service development was created, based on both empirical and theoretical work. Subsequently, this scheme needs validation and testing. The resulting <em>formative</em> evaluation scheme will be particularly helpful to reflect on and to improve the co-creation processes in climate services and beyond.</p><p> </p>

National and international climate services support adaptation to climate change. Climate services should aim to deliver climate service products, which are useable, useful, accurate and suitable for users. The advancement of effective adaptation measures to climate change, therefore, requires continuous interactions between climate service providers and users of the products. Good practices for the design of climate services include transdisciplinary approaches and co-creation of climate service products. To assess the effectiveness of this co-creation endeavours, evaluation is crucial. The concept of formative evaluation aims at assessing the co-creation of science-based climate services during the product development process with the intention to reflect and readjust the ongoing process. Evaluation criteria for this formative evaluation were looked at in the project NorQuATrans (Normativity, Objectivity and Quality Assessment of Transdisciplinary Processes, https://www.hicss-hamburg.de/projects/NorQuATrans/index.php.en) doing accompanying research with the knowledge transfer project ADAPTER (ADAPT tERrestrial systems, https://adapter-projekt.org/). In ADAPTER, simulation-based climate service products have been developed together with practitioners from the agricultural sector. As a result of this cooperation, a formative evaluation scheme of 17 quality criteria for all the different sub-processes in climate service development was created, based on both empirical and theoretical work. To these 17 quality criteria, 72 related evaluation aspects were assigned and can be assessed by questions. In the following step we validated the formative evaluation scheme together with practitioners experienced in co-creation of climate services. For this validation we focused on the most important quality criteria to avoid overloading. After pretesting several notions and terms, a survey was organized. Based on the results of the survey, the evaluation scheme was adapted and extended with some more evaluation aspects. The poster will present results of the pretest and questionnaire and give some insights on differences in the attitude of practitioners and scientists towards co-creation and evaluation endeavours. Challenges of formative evaluation will be addressed.

<p>The variable nature of wind power generation poses many challenges. The scientific community has addressed many of these challenges and made much progress in the recent years. These include, for example, quantifying resource variability, constraining future climate change impacts on wind energy, and suggesting robust system designs. Much of this research, however, has been academic in nature and lacks bi-directional interactions with stakeholders who make real world decisions. As an attempt to facilitate more exchange with industry partners, we present first results of a stakeholder workshop. The workshop theme is the role of climate in wind energy site assessments, including aspects related to climate variability and climate change. In addition to direct yield related parameters, such as capacity factors and their variability, we also plan to address relevant indirect effects that are less extensive researched, such as climate-induced changes in bat activity that trigger generation interruptions and blade icing. We report on the workshop design, highlight lessons learned and illustrate how the stakeholder feedback is used in shaping the precise research questions to be addressed in the course of the KliWiSt project [1]. KliWiSt is a German acronym that stands for the impact of climate change on wind energy site assessments. The general transdisciplinary approach can be adapted and used in other stakeholder-oriented research projects.</p><div><br><div> <p>[1] https://www.climate-service-center.de/science/projects/detail/103308/index.php.en; https://www.iwes.fraunhofer.de/de/forschungsprojekte/aktuelle-projekte/kliwist.html</p> </div> </div>