Introduction: Outcomes of neonates of infertile couples that are golden babies and care of them is an issue of importance. But it is not yet clear if the prognosis is different between them and neonates from fertile couples. The purpose of this study was to determine the outcome of neonates conceived by assisted reproductive techniques.Methods: In this cohort study, a total of 165 newborn who were conceived by assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and 165 naturally concieved newborns were enrolled. The study was prospective from April 2017 to October 2019. All newborns were examined by neonatologist after birth and their outcome were followed up to two year. The outcomes were compared with neonates from fertile couple using appropriate statistical tests.Results: The preterm neonates (60% vs. 38%) were higher in ART cases (P<0.001). The mean gravid and parity were lower in ART group (P<0.001) and the nulliparity was higher in them. Multiple pregnancies were higher in ART cases (45% vs. 10%; P<0. 001). Cesarean section rate was higher (91% vs 67%) in ART cases (P<0.001). Pre-eclampsia rate was higher in ART cases (16 % vs. 6%; P=0.004). Female sex was higher in ART group (P=0.035). Birth weight was significantly lower in ART group (P=0.002) and the Apgar was also lower (P=0.002; P=0.012). Intrauterine growth restriction was significantly higher (17% vs. 7%) in ART group (P=0.006). Necrotizing enterocolitis and respiratory distress syndrome were more common in ART group (P<0.001). Hospital stay was longer in ART group (P<0.001). Re-admission, and weight less than 5th percentile were more common after two year in ART group (P=0.021).Conclusion: According to the obtained results, pregnancy after ART has more side effects before and after birth and also in infancy; not only because of multigestation but also due to manipulations in ART.

Background: Neonates of infertile couples are golden babies, and taking care of them is of paramount importance. However, it is not yet clear if the prognosis is different between these neonates and those from fertile couples. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess neonates conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART). Methods: In this cohort study, 165 newborns conceived by ART and 165 naturally conceived newborns were included. The prospective study was conducted from April 2020 to October 2021. A neonatologist examined all newborns after birth, and outcomes were followed up over one year and compared with neonates of fertile couples using appropriate statistical tests. Results: The preterm neonates (60% vs. 38%) were higher in ART cases (P < 0.001) than in the other cases. Also, the mean gravid and parity were lower, but the nulliparity was higher in the ART group (P < 0.001) than in the other cases. Moreover, multiple pregnancies (45% vs. 10%; P < 0. 001) and the C/S rate (91% vs. 67%) were higher in ART cases (P < 0.001) than in the other cases. Similarly, the preeclampsia rate (16 % vs. 6%; P = 0.004) and the number of females were higher in the ART group (P = 0.035) than in the other groups. However, birth weight (P = 0.002) and the Apgar were significantly lower (P = 0.002; P = 0.012) in the ART group than in the other groups. IUGR was significantly higher (17% vs. 7%) (P = 0.006), while NEC and RDS were more common in the ART group (P < 0.001) than in the other groups. In addition, more extended hospital stay (P < 0.001) and more common re-admission and weight < the 5th percentile after one year were observed in the ART group (P = 0.021) than in the other groups. Conclusions: According to the findings, pregnancy after ART has more side effects before and after birth and in infancy, not only because of multistation but also due to manipulations in ART.