RESUMOObjetivou-se, neste estudo, coletar e identificar espécies nativas consideradas medicinais em dois fragmentos florestais no município de Dourados-MS. Foram identificadas 37 espécies distribuídas em 28 famílias as quais foram indicadas pelos mateiros da região por serem utilizadas pela população como alternativa medicinal. Das famílias identificadas, as que apresentaram maior número de espécies foram Piperaceae (10,8%), Moraceae (8,1%), Smilaceae (8,1%), Myrtaceae (5,4%) e Rubiacee (5,4%). O levantamento etnobotânico indicou 45 diferentes usos medicinais para as espécies e as partes mais utilizadas para o preparo de remédios são as folhas e cascas, sendo que as doenças para as quais houve maior número de indicações foram reumatismo, disenteria, diabetes, febres, tosses e cicatrizações.Termos para indexação: Espécies nativas, medicina popular, conhecimento popular. ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to collect and to identify native species considered medicinal in forest fragments in DouradosMato Grosso Sul. Had been identified 37 species distributed in 28 families which had been indicated by the woodsman of the region for being used by the population as medicinal alternative. Families that presented greater number of species were Piperaceae (10.8%), Moraceae (8.1%), Smilaceae (8.1%), Myrtaceae (5.4%) and Rubiacee (5.4%). The etnobotanical survey indicated 45 different medicinal uses for the species, the used parts more for the preparation of remedies is the leaves and bark, being that the illnesses for which bigger number of indications had been rheumatism, dysentery, diabetes, fevers, coughs and cicatrizations.
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