In this paper, an expedited multi-criteria decision analysis framework, capable of tackling several dimensions for the choice of sanitation services, at an early planning stage is presented. The approach combines geographic information systems aided analysis for onsite solutions, with a multi-criteria decision analysis tool capable of suggesting and ranking several viable offsite treatment alternatives, according to the desired criteria. The framework was applied to four coastal cities in Northern Angola, one of the sub-Saharan countries of the west coast of Africa, thus obtaining an indication for city-wide solutions, as an aid to achieve the goal of ensuring full sanitation coverage in those four locations. It included possible onsite collection and storage interfaces, namely Ventilated Improved Pit latrines, fossa alterna, septic tanks or conventional sewer systems. The study also contributed to an informed decision regarding optimal offsite treatment facility type, namely based on dedicated or combined wastewater and faecal sludge treatment (co-treatment), as well as different options for locations and sanitation technologies. Alternatives were compared and ranked according to ten main criteria concerning social, economic, technological and environmental aspects. This work helped demonstrate the usefulness of decision-aiding tools in the multi-stakeholder and complex context of sanitation in a developing country.

This research aims to reflect on the importance of inland surface waters for the development of local communities and their potential to foster tourism and leisure activities, promoting differentiated tourism products that project this inland tourist destination. It seeks to inquire into new business opportunities, while simultaneously reflecting on ways of controlling uses and issues of preservation and environmental sustainability. The study is developed in the Serra da Estrela territory, framing the destination and establishing an approach to the evolution of recreational fishing and its contributions to the strengthening of tourism and leisure, given the exceptional conditions of water mass supply and its environmental value for an activity that has an intense relationship with nature. The purpose is also to establish lines of research to be followed and methodologies to be implemented for a better knowledge of this activity and identify action strategies for the future.

Recreational and sport fishing has traditionally been seen and managed as a secondary and even residual activity in tourism, without effective concerted strategies for valuing this tourism development asset or integrating it into product promotion. The research developed in the mountain territory of Serra da Estrela in Portugal aims to explore the importance of recreational and sport fishing as a differentiated product for rural territories and its contributions to the enlargement of the tourist offer of this destination. The attraction of the surface waters of this mountain territory for sport fishing, in particular salmonidae, represents a tourist and recreational resource for the region with concrete effects on local commerce, hotels, and restaurants, given the practitioners involved and the natural and cultural contexts. The environmental value associated with its mountain geography and the existing ecosystems project the Serra da Estrela as a fishing destination that is increasingly valued, whether as the main motivation or as a complement to other recreational and tourist activities. We analyse the existing surface water resources, the present fish species, and the regulations for the practice of fishing, as well as the consideration of the environmental value of this territory for the development of an activity with strong ties to nature. The objectives are to establish lines of investigation to be followed and strategies to be implemented for building better knowledge of this activity and its practitioners. In this context, a survey of anglers will provide information to assess the logic of action, whether economic, environmental or administrative, to not only strengthen the value of the destination but also to boost this activity, contributing simultaneously to the enhancement of water resources as tourist assets with different uses and demands throughout the year.

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