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The present study was carried out under pot experiments during 2019 and 2020. Four fungi were isolated from naturally infected moringa roots. Sclerotium rolfsii was the most frequently isolated fungus, followed by Fusarium oxysporum, while Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani were the least frequent ones. S. rolfsii followed by F. oxysporum were the most virulent isolated fungi that caused the highest percentages of pre-and post-emergence damping-off, root rot and/or wilt. While, F. solani showed the lowest effect in this respect. Sandy soil followed by mixture of sandy + clay soil (2:1 w/w) were the best for decreasing pre-and postemergence damping-off as well as root rot and/or wilt diseases and increasing percent of survived plants compared to clay soil. Cyanobacterium, Spirulina platensis and the mixture of biofertilizers, i.e., nitrobein, phosphorein and potasiomag, as well as Topsin-M fungicide were effective to control the tested pathogens. All the tested treatments were capable to cause significant reduction of damping-off, root rot and/or wilt diseases and increase the percent of survived plants when used as soil treatments. Also, they significantly increased herb fresh weight/plant (g) and fresh weight of tuber (g) as well as no. of new plants, herb fresh weight of new plant (g), fresh weight of new tuber (g) and nutrients content in moringa leaves compared with control treatment. The biofertilizers proved to be the most effective treatment in this regard.

wo field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different garlic treatments against basal stem rot, root rot and broomrape of geranium and its productivity at the Exp. Farm of Sids Hort. Res. Stat., Agric. Res. Center, Beni-Sweif governorate during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. It was observed that using garlic as intercropping with geranium, soil amendment in addition to spraying garlic extract effectively controlled basal stem and root rot as well as decreased the infection by broomrape. These treatments enhanced plant growth, oil and its chemical composition, where, intercropping of garlic with geranium plants as a treatment gave the highest mean values of oil (%) and oil yield (kg/fed.), respectively for the two plant cuts followed by soil amendment with garlic and spraying geranium plants with garlic extract.

No abstract

ield experiments were carried out under natural infection of Septoria leaf spot in the Experimental Farm of Sids Agricultural Research Station, Agric. Res. Center, Beni-Sweif governorate in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 to evaluate the efficacy of hot water, organic acids, natural oils and bioagents on Septoria leaf spot and productivity of celery plants. Generally, all treatments were effective in reduction of disease severity. Also, a significant increase in fresh and dry weights of the herb, total chlorophyll as well as essential oil percent and oil yield was observed at the end of experiment. The use of the tested materials individually as seed treatments and foliar spray were less effective in reducing the disease incidence and severity than combined treatments with hot water-treated seeds and foliar spray with any of the tested materials. The highest efficacy was obtained from plots received hot water-treated celery fruits combined with phycare + thyme oil as a foliar spray in addition to the fungicide Ridomil gold MZ 68 WG. Furthermore, all the treatments showed significant increases in the defence-related enzymes, peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) as compared with the untreated control.