Ensaio recebido em 13 de novembro de 2016, versão final aceita em 23 de maio de 2017. RESUMO:Nesse trabalho propõe-se contribuir com as discussões sobre a exploração sustentável da Caatinga através de uma atualização bibliográfica sobre o tema, destacando a importância desse bioma, suas potencialidades e a necessidade de sua preservação e conservação. Foram abordadas a importância socioeconômica do bioma, as estratégias de subsistência e geração de renda (como o extrativismo e bioprodutos de valor econômico), as políticas públicas e ameaças, além de avaliar o seu uso sustentável. Com base no exposto, compreende-se que o manejo sustentável é uma possibilidade real, tecnicamente comprovada. Faz-se necessário um intenso processo de conscientização e capacitação de todos os atores envolvidos por meio da formulação de políticas públicas, que priorizem a realidade ambiental e socioeconômica do bioma, da geração, sistematização e disseminação de informações, da construção de uma matriz de incentivos adaptados à realidade local e do fortalecimento institucional, como forma de garantir a sobrevivência do ecossistema.Palavras-chave: bioma brasileiro; extrativismo sustentável; semiárido.ABSTRACT: This paper aims to contribute with the discussions about the sustainable exploitation of Caatinga through an updated review of such topic. The research highlights the importance of this biome, thus, proposing its potential, and also the need for its preservation and conservation. This study, more specifically, exposes the socio-economic importance of the biome, on subsistence and income generation strategies, discussing the extraction and bio-products of economic value, public policies and threats, and evaluation of its sustainable use. Thus, considering this discussion it is understood that sustainable management is a real possibility and technically proven. It is necessary an intense process of awareness and training of all involved actors through
Hypotonic solutions and i.v. free water intake of more than 6.5 ml kg(-1) h(-1) are associated with reductions in postoperative plasma sodium measurements ≥4 mM. In the context of neonatal surgery, close monitoring of plasma sodium is mandatory. Routine use of hypotonic i.v. solutions during neonatal surgery should be questioned as they are likely to reduce plasma sodium.
Salinity in soil can affect Jatropha seedling metabolism, interfering with plant establishment. In this study, the effect of salinity on the mobilization of reserves during the development of Jatropha seedlings was tested. Two genotypes of Jatropha were used and three concentrations of NaCl were applied between the 4th and 8th days after germination. The effects of salinity on seedling growth, in terms of fresh and dry phytomass, ionic partition, and sugar quantification, starch, proteins, amino acids, and lipids were evaluated in cotyledon leaves, hypocotyls, and roots. There was an increase in the content of all classes of macromolecules analyzed in at least one of the organs. It is hypothesized that the hypocotyls acted as an accumulating organ of Na+. The accumulations of amino acids and protein in roots suggest that metabolic responses occurred in response to the ionic and osmotic effects of NaCl, although this accumulation did not appear to prevent biomass losses in seedlings. Furthermore, the findings of this study demonstrate that salinity inhibits the mobilization of lipids and carbon stocks from cotyledon leaves to the rest of the plant, and together with the synthesis of proteins and amino acids that occurred primarily in roots, contributed to response of these plants to salinity.
Resumo.A atividade turística contribui para o desenvolvimento local, gerando emprego e renda, inclusive através da utilização dos recursos naturais e histórico-culturais como atrativos. Neste sentido é importante que esta atividade seja desenvolvida com base em um planejamento, que respeite os limites dos espaços e recursos locais de forma sustentável. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o nível de sustentabilidade da atividade turística do Delta do Parnaíba (Estados do Piauí e Maranhão, Brasil), por meio de pesquisa exploratória e explicativa, com base em um estudo de campo e uma abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que o nível de sustentabilidade turística no Delta do Parnaíba encontra-se parcialmente insustentável, pois no geral foram identificados 17 indicadores sustentáveis e 22 indicadores insustentáveis. Diante do exposto há uma necessidade urgente do poder público viabilizar políticas que venham melhorar os indicadores para contribuir com o desenvolvimento da atividade turística de forma sustentável e consequentemente com o desenvolvimento local sustentável. Palavras-chave:Delta das Américas; Indicadores de sustentabilidade; Indicadores de sustentabilidade do turismo; Sistema de indicadores sustentabilidade; Turismo sustentável. Abstract. Sustainability of the tourist activity of the Delta doParnaíba, States of Piauí and Maranhão, Northeast Brazil. Tourism activity contributes to local development, generating jobs and income, and it depends on the use of natural and historical-cultural resources as an attraction. In this sense, this activity should be developed based on planning that respects the limits of local spaces and resources in a sustainable way. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the level of sustainability of tourist activity in the Delta do Parnaíba (States of Piauí and Maranhão, Brazil), through an exploratory research, based on a field study and a qualitative approach. The obtained results demonstrated that the level of tourism sustainability in the Delta do Parnaíba is partially unsustainable since 17 sustainable indicators and 22 unsustainable indicators were identified. In view of the above, it was concluded that the public power should develop measures to
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